Health Behavior Change Support Systems
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Item Design and Usability Testing of SmartSHOTS: A Mobile App to Reduce Vaccine Barriers for Children 0-24 Months(2025-01-07) Wyatt, Tami; Taylor, Penny; Li, Xueping; Lowe, Sarah; Sharmin, Aliza; Tupayachi Silva, Jose; Wang, Xudong; Mcneely, Clea; Niederhauser, VictoriaAccording to the Immunization Status Survey conducted by the Tennessee Department of Health in 2023, Tennessee ranks in the bottom 25th percentile among states for vaccination rates by the age of 24 months, based on the full series of recommended vaccines. To tackle this issue, the SmartSHOTS mobile application was developed to reduce barriers to vaccinations for children aged 0-24 months. The app includes features such as vaccine information, the ability to add and calculate vaccine due dates, and the ability to locate health departments and transportation services based on zip codes. The app was developed and usability tested using an iterative design process, based on a needs assessment conducted across regions of Tennessee with community members who served on the state’s county health council. These community members also reviewed the app wireframes. Parents or guardians of children aged 0-24 months are currently evaluating the app (preliminary findings reported here). SmartSHOTS will then be available on Google Play and the Apple Store.Item Developing a Mobile Intervention for Cannabis Use among Young Adults at Risk for Psychosis(2025-01-07) Merrill, Jennifer; Moitra, Ethan; Giorlando, Kayla; Leigland, Avery; Olsen, Elizabeth; Abrantes, Ana; Whiteley, LauraCannabis use disorder is common among young adults in psychiatric care. Yet, interventions tailored to address this issue are limited. This study sought to determine barriers and facilitators for reducing/quitting cannabis use to inform a mobile app-based intervention. Twenty young adults (60% female) at high-risk for psychosis who use cannabis completed a brief survey and individual qualitative interviews. Results of thematic analysis revealed five barriers (e.g., cannabis to cope, ambivalence about change) and four facilitators (e.g., experienced/feared consequences, social support) to cutting down/quitting cannabis. Regarding app development, participants recommended high-level personalization and content features such as goal-setting, self-monitoring, coping skills, and affirming messages; and, they suggested the app be visually appealing and interactive. To assist high-risk youth in reducing/quitting cannabis use, it is important to consider the unique barriers they face in doing so, as well as their specific preferences for the development of a mobile app.Item Personalized Coaching for Lifestyle Behavior Change through Large Language Models: A Qualitative Study(2025-01-07) Meywirth, Sophia; Janson, Andreas; Söllner, MatthiasThis paper investigates the impact of large language model (LLM)-based coaching interventions on enhancing physical activity and nutritional habits, following motivational interviewing guidelines. By exploring user perceptions through qualitative research involving eight interviews, five key themes emerged: the tension between the need for authenticity and reservations about AI humanization, the desire for personalized coaching and autonomy, the necessity of simplifying daily tasks, the aspiration for self-development, and the need for perceived privacy and trust. The findings reveal that perceptions of LLM-based coaching are multifaceted and cannot be easily classified as purely beneficial or concerning; they vary based on the specific implementation. This complexity indicates that certain aspects can simultaneously present both benefits and risks. The paper discusses theoretical implications and offers practical recommendations to enhance the advantages and mitigate the risks associated with LLM-based coaching interventions.Item Introduction to the Minitrack on Health Behavior Change Support Systems(2025-01-07) Win, Khin Than; Iyengar, Sriram; Oinas-Kukkonen, Harri; Vlahu-Gjorgievska, ElenaItem A Web-based Enabler for Rehabilitation Care at Home: Cardiac Rehabilitation and More(2025-01-07) Wickramasinghe, Nilmini; Ulapane, Nalika; Andargoli, Amir; Adibi, Sasan; Seevanayagam, SivenCardiovascular diseases pose a significant health challenge worldwide, affecting millions of individuals. A key component of recovery is cardiac rehabilitation (CR), which involves a combination of exercise, education, and lifestyle changes. Despite the established benefits of CR, patient adherence and completion rates are low. Factors such as cost and distance (i.e., having to drive, or travel for long distances to attend a clinic) often deter patients from participating and pursuing CR towards completion. To address these issues, we attempt to answer the following research question: How might a digital health solution be developed to improve access to cardiac rehabilitation? Using design science research methodologies, we have developed a web-based prototype as an attempt to answer the above research question. Our solution has a clinician-facing interface and a patient-facing interface. Our solution enables patients accessing personalized exercise plans and educational resources from the comfort of their home. The solution enables clinicians to supervise patients and monitor their progress. We have concluded one round of co-design. The initial need for this CR solution was highlighted by a senior clinician, which served as our starting point. We undertook a 6-week project to create a prototype to serve the needs presented by the clinician. The prototype was then presented to the senior clinician for assessment. The qualitative feedback received suggests that our web-based framework has wider applications beyond CR and could be adapted to general rehabilitation care. Furthermore, our framework could be customized to provide patient education on various hospital procedures and processes. This paper documents our progress thus far. We highlight the results at the conclusion of our first co-design phase, and the potential of our solution is emphasized.