Pacific Science Volume 16, Number 1, 1962

Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://hdl.handle.net/10125/5499

Pacific Science is a quarterly publication devoted to the biological and physical sciences of the Pacific Region.

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Now showing 1 - 13 of 13

Contribution to the Marine Chlorophyta of Hawaii, I
(University of Hawai'i Press, 1962-01) Gilbert, William J.
Trematolobelia: Seed Dispersal; Anatomy of Fruit and Seeds
(University of Hawai'i Press, 1962-01) Carlquist, Sherwin
The endemic Hawaiian genus Trematolobelia (Lobeliaceae, or Campanulaceae, subfamily Lobelioideae) was erected on the basis of its distinctive fruit. This fruit has a seed-dispersal mechanism unique in the family. Assertions have been made by some workers that holes in the fruit wall are the work of insects, and are not related to the dispersal mechanism. This contention has been adequately disproved by other investigators, but, in fact, the precise nature of the dispersal mechanism and the anatomical structure responsible for its action have never been adequately described. In addition, the present study reveals the potential taxonomic use of capsular anatomy, a feature of importance because various authors recognize one, two, or three species in the genus. These species are based largely on floral features or foliar characteristics, and not on those of the fruit. Unusually good material of Trematolobelia collected by the writer during the summer of 1958 provides a sufficient basis for presenting the features mentioned above in some detail.
Revision of the Genus Pandanus Stickman, Part 10. New Pandanus Species from Vietnam
(University of Hawai'i Press, 1962-01) St. John, Harold
Revision of the Genus Pandanus Stickman, Part 9. Three New Pandanus Species from Queensland, Australia
(University of Hawai'i Press, 1962-01) St. John, Harold
Revision of the Genus Pandanus Stickman, Part 8. The Hong Kong Coastal Pandanus
(University of Hawai'i Press, 1962-01) St. John, Harold
A Survey for Alkaloids in Hawaiian Plants, III
(University of Hawai'i Press, 1962-01) Scheuer, Paul J.; Horigan, Laura P.; Hudgins, Webster R.
Types of Occurrence of Nontronite and Nontronite-like Minerals in Soils
(University of Hawai'i Press, 1962-01) Sherman, G.D.; Ikawa, Haruyoshi; Uehara, Goro; Okazaki, Ernest
Nontronite, the iron-rich dioctahedral mineral of the montmorillonite group, is rarely found in soils. A number of montmorillonite clays having a high content of iron oxide have been found in subsoils. These occurrences are located at Toowoomba, Queensland, Australia; Waipata, South Island, New Zealand; Molumolu, Fiji; and at a number of sites in the Hawaiian Islands. These clays occur as relatively pure mineral aggregates and therefore are well segregated from their matrix. The type of occurrence provided material of homogeneous chemical and mineral compositions. The iron oxide content of these clays ranged from 9 to 32 per cent and indicates a wide range of iron substitution in the octahedral position. These clays occur under a wide range of climatic conditions, as evidenced by rainfall variation of 13 to 120 inches per year. Likewise, they occur in both early and late stages of weathering and, because of that, they occur in different mineral associations of primary minerals, other 2: 1 clays, kaolin, iron oxides, and bauxite.
Fish Poisoning: A Problem in Food Toxication
(University of Hawai'i Press, 1962-01) Bartsch, Alfred F.; McFarren, Earl F.
Interest in poisonous fishes has intensified greatly in recent years. World Wat II brought many Americans and Europeans to tropical areas of the world where fish poisoning is common. Also, interest in the welfare of native populations of the Pacific islands has developed widely, and there is an impression that fish poisoning is increasing. In spite of an extensive literature, there is considerable confusion on the subject.
Species of Cryptochirus of Edmondson 1933 (Hapalocarcinidae)
(University of Hawai'i Press, 1962-01) Serene, R.
Notes on Some Eastern Pacific Species of Phialidium (Leptomedusae)
(University of Hawai'i Press, 1962-01) Kramp, P.L.
A collection of Phialidium was sent to me by Dr. E. C. Roosen-Runge, University of Washington, Seattle, who wanted my opinion on their specific affinity. They were collected at Friday Harbor in Puget Sound, some few in August 1959, a great number in June 1960. They all belong to one species and agree perfectly with the species which was described by Murbach and Shearer (1903) under the name Phialidium gregarium (A. Agassiz). It is questionable, however, whether the medusa observed and carefully described by Murbach and Shearer really belonged to the same species, which was briefly described by Agassiz as Oceania gregaria.
On the Biology of Sexual Reproduction of Hydromedusae, Genus Phialidium Leuckhart
(University of Hawai'i Press, 1962-01) Roosen-Runge, Edward C.
The genus Phialidium is nearly ubiquitous in the coastal waters of the temperate zone. The medusae occur at Friday Harbor certainly from April through September and disappear rather suddenly in October, under circumstances which need investigation. Drifting with tides and currents, they occur in swarms which greatly vary in density. During the present investigation no swarms were seen in which individuals, on the average, were closer to each other than a few inches; usually they were many inches to several feet apart. Under these circumstances it would seem that fertilization becomes somewhat of a problem. In a population which, as a whole, is moving passively, and in which individuals appear to have no affinity to each other, ovulation and spermiation must be closely and appropriately timed and the properties of eggs and sperms evolved to insure a high rate of fertility, the results of which are seen in the wide distribution and in the tremendous numbers of colonies of the sessile stages of the species, the hydroid polyps. The present paper attempts to clarify some of the factors which insure the high reproductive capacity of hydromedusae under what, on first sight, appear to be difficult circumstances.
On the Nature of the Selective Fishing Action of Longline Gear
(University of Hawai'i Press, 1962-01) Brock, Vernon E.
Fishery biologists have, thanks to the magnitude of sampling provided by commercial fisheries, a better quantitative understanding of the populations with which they are concerned than do biologists interested in the quantitative aspects of other marine organisms. However, fishery biologists must be aware of bias that may be introduced by the sampling mechanism, the fishing apparatus. Fishing gear may be more effective in the capture of fish of some sizes or in some areas or seasons. If the nature of the bias is known allowance can be made for it, and its character may supply additional information on the population of fish.
16:1 Table of Contents - Pacific Science
(University of Hawai'i Press, 1962-01)

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