Marine Phytogeography of the Juan Fernandez Archipelago: A New Assessment
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1992-10
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University of Hawai'i Press
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Abstract
A new assessment of the geographic affinities of the marine algae
of the Juan Fernandez Archipelago indicates a flora with a small number of
species and very high endemism (about 30%) as compared to other oceanic
islands of similar age, size, origin, and abiotic conditions. The flora also contains
many widely distributed species (45%) and a small group of species with
circumpolar-subantarctic affinities (about 13.5% of the flora). The potential
algal species sources for this flora seem to be distant localities in the southern
Pacific, including the southern tip of South America, southern Australia, New
Zealand, and several subantarctic islands. Considering effective dispersal distances
of marine benthic algae, the Juan Fernandez Archipelago appears as more
isolated than Easter Island, which previously was supposed to be the most
isolated point in the Pacific basin. An analysis of the endemic components
suggests that there has been speciation but no radiation in these islands. Some
species originating in the archipelago might have migrated across the Pacific to
continental South America, perhaps via El Nino/Southern Oscillation (ENSO).
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Santelices B. 1992. Marine phytogeography of the Juan Fernandez Archipelago: a new assessment. Pac Sci 46(4): 438-452.
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