SEM Studies on Vessels in Ferns. 16. Pacific Tree Ferns (Blechnaceae, Cyatheaceae, Dicksoniaceae)
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2000-01
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University of Hawai'i Press
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Abstract
Scanning electron microscope (SEM) studies of tracheary elements
of one species each of Sadleria (Blechnaceae), Alsophila (Cyatheaceae),
Cibotium, and Dicksonia (Dicksoniaceae) showed that metaxylem of both roots
and stems contains vessels with scalariform lateral wall pitting and scalariform
perforation plates in which perforations are like lateral wall pits in size and
shape. In Cyatheaceae and Dicksoniaceae, rhizome tracheary elements are
short, contorted, with numerous facets. Several end wall facets of any given tracheary
element in all genera studied can be perforation plates. At upper and
lower ends of perforation plates, perforations have pit membrane remnants
that contain porosities of various sizes, from large (nearly as big as the perforation)
to extremely small (at the limit of resolution); the porosities are mostly circular
in outline. No tracheids were observed with certainty. All tree ferns studied
lack modifications of perforation plates like those of xeric ferns. The
rhizome tracheary elements of Cyatheaceae are like those of Dicksoniaceae,
but fusiform tracheary elements like those of many fern families occur in Sadleria
(Blechnaceae); this correlates with the close grouping of Cyatheaceae with
Dicksoniaceae in recent phylogenies that show Blechnaceae well removed
from the tree fern families Cyatheaceae and Dicksoniaceae.
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Carlquist S, Schneider EL. 2000. SEM studies on vessels in ferns. 16. Pacific tree ferns (Blechnaceae, Cyatheaceae, Dicksoniaceae). Pac Sci 54(1): 75-86.
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