A Computational Application of Urban Network Analysis on Walkability in Design Decision Making.
Date
2017-05
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Abstract
Using the TOD neighborhoods of Waipahu on Oahu, which is comprised
of two localities referred to as the West Loch Station and the Waipahu Transit
Center Station, as a case study, the present work aims at investigating to what
extend different aspects of the built environment may affect walkability in
urban neighborhoods.
By means of Geographic Information Systems (GIS), spatial, network,
and statistical analyses were performed on a selected set of components of the
urban built environment. Residential density, commercial density, mixed landuse,
and street connectivity were measured to determine how the following 8
urban aspects —mixed-land use, small blocks, interesting architecture, building
density (commercial and residential), residents’ physical activity, the impact of
density and mixed-land use— affect transport mode or urban mobility.
To better understand the walkability patterns around these TOD
neighborhoods, we applied the method to Portland, which is known for being a
walkable city. As Jeff Speck claims, for a place to be walkable, it is all a question
of proper balance of uses, so it is important to look for what is missing or
under-represented in an urban setting, whether it is office, retail, dining,
entertainment, housing, school, recreation, worship, or parking (Speck 2013).
The proposed graph-analysis framework can be used by professionals
to improve planning and designing decisions to make cities more attractive
and sustainable. However, it is not intended to replace the existing ways of
evaluating walkability, but instead, it is to be seen as an additional layer of
information to be introduced at an early stage of any project.
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Walkability, Urban planning, Computational application, Liveable community, Design decision
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