DIETARY EFFECTS OF PROSOPIS PALLIDA ON APIS MELLIFERA HEALTH IN HAWAI‘I
DIETARY EFFECTS OF PROSOPIS PALLIDA ON APIS MELLIFERA HEALTH IN HAWAI‘I
| dc.contributor.advisor | Wright, Mark | |
| dc.contributor.author | Hausler, Daniel | |
| dc.contributor.department | Entomology | |
| dc.date.accessioned | 2023-07-11T00:20:48Z | |
| dc.date.available | 2023-07-11T00:20:48Z | |
| dc.date.issued | 2023 | |
| dc.description.degree | M.S. | |
| dc.identifier.uri | https://hdl.handle.net/10125/105135 | |
| dc.subject | Entomology | |
| dc.subject | honey bee | |
| dc.subject | pollen | |
| dc.title | DIETARY EFFECTS OF PROSOPIS PALLIDA ON APIS MELLIFERA HEALTH IN HAWAI‘I | |
| dc.type | Thesis | |
| dcterms.abstract | Pollen is a honey bee’s primary protein and lipid source and the availability, quality, quantity, and diversity of a bee’s pollen diet determine its individual health and, therefore, the overall health of the entire colony. Common kiawe (Prosopis pallida, Fabaceae) grows in the arid valleys of the leeward regions of all the Hawaiian islands and is a widely available food source for honey bees. This study aimed to determine the impact of kiawe pollen nutrition on colony health. To address this, I identified bee-collected pollen and analyzed its nutritive quality individually from apiaries on O‘ahu and Maui over a period of 14 months. Pollen was collected monthly, sorted by color as a proxy for species, and total proteins and lipid content quantified. Colony health metrics, including brood quality, frame occupancy of hive bees, and varroa and small hive beetle numbers, were also assessed monthly. Results showed there is spatial and monthly variation in kiawe pollen’s total protein and lipids, as well as a variation in hive health metrics and bee-collected pollen diversity. On Maui, SHB levels never significantly differed from each other, and were highest in June (10.12 ± 1.78). SHB levels on O‘ahu were highest in April (48.3 ± 7.61) while percent varroa mite infestation on O‘ahu was highest in January (5.67 ± 1.32). Mean brood quality was significantly higher on Maui (81.41 ± 0.43) compared to O‘ahu (78.33 ± 0.49). Also, mean frames of bees were significantly higher on Maui (14.73 ± 0.20) compared to O‘ahu (5.35 ± 0.11). Lipids levels were highest on Maui in June (14.28 ± 0.22 mg/g pollen) and highest on O‘ahu in September (15.48 ± 2.07 mg/g pollen), while protein levels on Maui were highest in January (326.28 ± 11.55 mg/g pollen) and highest on O‘ahu in February (361.53 ± 23.09 mg/g pollen). Additionally, the proportion of kiawe pollen in the homogenate (average percent total from six, 25 mL subsamples) increased during the kiawe blooming seasons (percentage was highest in March with 46.47 ± 6.34%) but these months did not display any change in hive health. Kiawe macronutrient quality did not significantly impact hive health metrics and hive health seemed more influenced by the absence or presence of varroa mites, showing that hives on O‘ahu are much more stressed than hives on Maui. | |
| dcterms.language | en | |
| dcterms.publisher | University of Hawai'i at Manoa | |
| dcterms.rights | All UHM dissertations and theses are protected by copyright. They may be viewed from this source for any purpose, but reproduction or distribution in any format is prohibited without written permission from the copyright owner. | |
| dcterms.type | Text | |
| local.identifier.alturi | http://dissertations.umi.com/hawii:11747 |
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