Memorable Play in Dungeons & Dragons: Understanding the Relationship Between TTRPG Design and Peak Play Experiences

Abstract

This paper presents results from an online survey (n=354) which aimed to better understand the appeal of the tabletop role-playing game Dungeons & Dragons [D&D]. Here, we focus on responses to the open-ended survey question: “What has been your most memorable moment in a D&D game? Please describe an example from your own play.” Common themes in responses were connected to three key elements of D&D’s design: gameplay, role-play, and storytelling. We subsequently identify 1) the importance of D&D’s “critical” dice-roll mechanic, 2) how D&D enables memorable role-play, and 3) the enduring appeal of heroic stories. By emphasizing how elements of D&D’s design can impact players’ experiences and enjoyment of the game, this paper offers new insights into the appeal of D&D which go beyond simplistic descriptions of the game being ‘fun’ or ‘social’.