M.S. - Nutritional Sciences

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https://hdl.handle.net/10125/2118

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Now showing 1 - 10 of 45
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    Impact of TGFβ signaling on adipose tissue biology
    ( 2022) Lofquist, Sydney ; Lee, Mi-Jeong ; Nutritional Sciences
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    Dietary Patterns Among East Asian Children Living in the US Affiliated Pacific Region
    ( 2021) Mau, Geneva Chi Ching ; Revilla, Marie ; Nutritional Sciences
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    Nutrient Composition of Avocados Grown in Hawai‘i and Cameroon.
    ( 2017-08) Kai, Jessie S. M. P. ; Nutritional Sciences
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    Nutritional Management of Individuals with Chronic Disease and Vulnerable Populations Following a Disaster
    ([Honolulu] : [University of Hawaii at Manoa], [May 2016], 2016-05) Wilcox, Misty
    Chronic diseases and related conditions (CDRCs), such as diabetes, renal disease, and cardiovascular disease affect a large proportion of the population in developed nations. Following a large scale disaster, when food, water, and medical supplies are limited, CDRCs increase the risk of adverse health outcomes in displaced populations and require nutrition intervention. Other vulnerable populations, including the elderly, breastfeeding moms, and infants are also at high risk for adverse nutrition related health outcomes following a disaster. This thesis is comprised of two research studies, which examine: a) the prevalence of CDRCs in non-institutionalized U.S. adults, b) the effect of chronic disease status, mental or emotional health status, and disability status on disaster preparedness behaviors, and c) nutritional management of vulnerable populations include those with CDRCs. Preparation for disasters by both individuals and communities is an important part of critical infrastructure needed to be able to respond, and recover from disasters.
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    The Relationship between Iron Status and Depression in Non-Inflamed Women
    ([Honolulu] : [University of Hawaii at Manoa], [May 2016], 2016-05) Dyer, Makena
    Depression is a debilitating condition which has been increasing in prevalence in the United States. Epidemiological studies suggest that the pathophysiology of depression may be related to nutrient deficiencies. One nutrient of particular interest is iron. Iron deficiency, with or without anemia, is a major worldwide health concern. Iron is involved in several biochemical pathways necessary for maintaining healthy mood. However, the existing literature has presented mixed findings regarding the relationship between iron status as measured by serum ferritin and depression symptoms. Inflammation could explain these discrepancies as inflammation has been associated with elevated levels of the iron biomarker serum ferritin. Therefore, inflammation could be responsible for false negatives for iron deficiency. In the study reported here, the relationship between iron status and depression was assessed in participants from three National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys (NHANES (2005-2006, 2007-2008, and 2009-2010). Iron status was measured through serum ferritin, and depression was defined as a depression screener score ≥ 10. Individuals who had both serum ferritin data and complete depression screener data, were not pregnant, and were not on antidepressants were included in this study. The starting study population consisted of 3,452 females 18-49 years old, inflamed and non-inflamed (Inf/Non-Inf). Exclusion for inflammation (Non-Inf), defined as C-reactive protein > 2 mg/L, reduced the study population to 1,780. Further exclusions for serum ferritin outliers using the cutoff value 150 ng/mL (Non-Inf 150) lowered the study population to 1,726. This thesis also examined serum ferritin and depression in a sample with only inflamed individuals (Inf) (n = 1,672). Inflammation and serum ferritin were compared in the Inf/Non-Inf population. Iron status and depression were compared for the Non-Inf, Non-Inf 150, and Inf populations separately with the same analyses for each population. Inflammation and serum ferritin appear to be strongly correlated in the Inf/Non-Inf population. Data for the Non-Inf, Non-Inf 150, and Inf populations do not strongly suggest a relationship between iron status and depression. However, stronger associations between iron status and depression were observed in the inflamed-only population than in either non-inflamed population. This finding suggests further research could be done on iron deficiency and depression in inflamed individuals as this relationship could be different depending on an individual’s inflammation status.
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    Evaluation of Molluscs as Dietary Sources of Iron: Heme and Non-Heme Iron Content of Clams and Oysters Consumed in the Asia-Pacific Region
    ([Honolulu] : [University of Hawaii at Manoa], [December 2015], 2015-12) Taniguchi, Chad
    Iron deficiency is the most prevalent nutrient deficiency in the world. Limited bivalve data indicates discrepancies in iron and heme iron concentration. Therefore, fresh Manila clams, Pacific oysters, canned blood clams (A. granosa), canned akagai (A. broughtonii), and frozen blood clams were assayed and compared to beef liver as a reference food rich in heme iron. Heme iron ranged from 0.53 ± 0.08 to 5.77 ± 0.34 mg/100 g edible portion in Manila clams and blanched frozen blood clams, respectively. Non-heme iron ranged from 4.47 ± 0.44 to 9.81 ± 0.58 and total iron ranged from 4.35 ± 0.85 to 12.28 ± 0.44 mg/100 g EP in Manila clams and canned blood clams, respectively. Frozen blood clams had significantly more heme and total iron compared to the liver reference. Although these data indicate that clams could be a reasonable iron source, some samples contained potentially toxic amounts of cadmium.