Horizons, Volume 2
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Item Front Cover(2017-09-22)Item Foreword: Blank Spaces(2017-09-22) Beaule, ChristineItem Living in Kalihi: Remembering Stories of Struggle and Resistance(2017-09-22) Corpuz, KathleenThis paper exposes the various ways American settlers remove traces of Kanaka Maoli history while exemplifying colonial narratives of immigrants who struggle to survive in the present colonial space of Kalihi. I will describe the historical and political transformation of Kalihi through an analysis of devices that settlers use in the early twentieth century such as maps and newspaper advertisements to dispossess land from Kanaka Maoli. The evidence I have chosen illustrates how the transformation of land has shaped the experiences of residents of Kalihi. While settlers attempt to erase native history in the community, Kanaka Maoli continue to share their stories through their biographies and oral histories to oppose the dominant narrative of blankness forwarded by settler colonialism. Settler colonialism comes in different forms, and this paper reveals the importance to critique settler ideologies in order to return ancestral lands to Kanaka Maoli. Since many people are unaware of their participation and existence in colonialism, retrieving native histories will promote a better understanding of the current predicaments indigenous peoples face and will help create alliances among residents to make decisions that will respect the right of Kanaka Maoli to self-determination.Item Aming Kahirapan at Kaunlaran (Our Struggles and Prosperity): Incorporating Methods of Historial Trauma to Pave a Pathway Towards Success(2017-09-22) Cacal, StephanieIt is often easy to blame oneself for how one feels and behaves, but rarely do people question why they are this way to begin with. Frequently, members of the Filipino Kalihi community have a subconscious negative perspective of themselves that hinder them from achieving their full potential. What many fail to realize is that traumatic events that occurred generations ago play a significant role in how the community and others view it today. This concept is called colonial mentality manifestation, and by recognizing it as one of the root causes of the community’s struggle and feelings of shame, the community can create steps towards using its methods to pave a pathway towards success. To do this, (re)sources of wealth within the community must be reclaimed. This essay challenges Filipinos in Kalihi to have conversations about their struggles, why they exist, and how the group, collaboratively, can move forward to change the narrative from stories of struggles to practices of prosperity. In a greater sense, other communities can challenge themselves to do the same in efforts to empower their community as well. In turn, after reading this piece, one can ask oneself, what struggles and wealth can be claimed and how will they help one to succeed?Item Russian Orthographic Reform(2017-09-22) Holland, Martha A.To truly understand a society’s culture, study their language. The history of how the Russian language developed mirrors how Russian society evolved and changed. The written record of how the orthography changed and what influenced it sheds light on milestones within the language and, thus, its cultural as well. This paper takes a historical analysis of the Russian language from the early beginnings of the Glagolitic alphabet to modern Russian Cyrillic. This paper shows that Russian leadership in the past not only knew that language was key to a unified society, but manipulated it in such a way that would prevent any diversion from their attempts to control orthographic development and thus control an increasingly literate society. The paper will conclude with the most recent official changes to the modern Russian alphabet, but with a greater understanding and appreciation for how it was forged into Russian society.Item The Challenges and Difficulty of Determining the Genetic Factors Associated with Autism(2017-09-22) Brotto, KellyThe body of this research essay stems from academic literature, as well as other organizations involved in the field of research for autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Geneticists have found a correlation in the mutation or the deletion of genes in patients with ASD, predominantly on the X-chromosome. This has led researchers to delve deeper into trying to understand the roles of certain genes and how the alteration of these genes, both hereditarily and spontaneously, affect the ASD population. Thus far, research has signaled that ASD is not a one-gene-fits-all-cases type of disorder. Rather, some researchers are now trying to narrow their research to particular genes and a limited subgroup in lieu of analyzing the disorder as a whole. From the research that I have gathered, though there are many challenges that researchers face in trying to gain a fuller understanding of this field, many remain optimistic about the future.Item John Oliver: Forging a New Type of Satire(2017-09-22) Harrison, KevinPolitics have always been targets for comedians and some comedians, like Stephen Colbert and John Oliver, are known to make their comedy “real” by interacting with politicians and driving people towards civic action. Scholars have only begun to study “satiractivism” and one key issue in its study has been defining it. In this paper, I show how one definitions of satiractivism has been insufficient in describing the work of one satiractivist, John Oliver, on his show Last Week Tonight. To form the theoretical framework of my research, I employ the criticism of James Caron, George Test, and Marcus Paroske and their definitions of satiractivism, satire, and a satirical technique called participatory satire, respectively. Using three episodes of Last Week Tonight, I conclude that even though Oliver’s work sometimes falls into contemporary definitions of satiractivism, ultimately he has forged a new type of satiractivism that relies on indirect participation with his audience and politicians and on participating and engaging with civic issues directly. My conclusions demonstrate that definitions of and relating to satiractivism should be expanded or new ones coined if we are going to continue to seriously study how these comedians are trying to do more than make people laugh.Item Submission to the Graces: Neoclassicism, Gender, and the Fashion Press in Revolutionary France(2017-09-22) Kam, MirandaDuring the French Revolution, dress became an indicator of a person’s loyalty to the Revolution. Due to the increased controversy surrounding the political implications of dress, the National Convention declared freedom of dress for all citizens and citizenesses in 1793. Some historians have contended that Revolutionary legislators granted women freedom in fashion largely as a substitute for genuine political power in the emerging public sphere. This paper argues that although revolutionary processes may have granted women freedom of fashion, the male-dominated fashion press attempted to undermine women’s authority and assert men’s control in an area in which it claimed women possessed legitimate power. Through the close analysis of fashion periodicals published during the Directory period (1795-99) of the French Revolution, this paper determines that while fashion periodicals claimed to venerate women and their talents in the realm of fashion, they employed concepts like the relationship between dress and behaviors to dictate women’s dress. By regulating women’s consumptive and sartorial habits, the fashion press helped to alleviate contemporaries’ concerns regarding women’s participation in the public sphere.Item Hawaiian Plantation Haiku Series(2017-09-22) Lau, Tyler A.My name is Tyler Lau and I am a student at the University of Hawaii Post-Baccalaureate Certification in Secondary Education focusing in Japanese. Originally these haiku were for a reading response assignment for ITE 440: Curriculum Implications of Multicultural Education, a course taught by Dr. Patricia Espiritu Halagao. The assignment was to do a poem, drawing, or song response to a book by Milton Murayama and a chapter from a book by Ronald Takaki. Both authors describe the racially-based harsh treatment and working conditions of plantation workers in Hawaii. Takaki talked about the history of sugar cane plantations in Hawaii and the life and working conditions of plantation workers from different countries. Murayama’s work is fictional but accurately depicts plantation life from a Japanese plantation worker’s view, utilizing local pidgin to narrate the story. Because of that I decided to do the haiku poems in the standard 5-7-5-syllable format, while putting myself in the shoes of a Japanese plantation worker. I referred to Murayama’s book for the Japanese and pidgin language usage and Takaki’s book for historical background and details. Like my teacher and classmates, I hope you will enjoy these haiku and maybe learn, laugh, or even cry.Item Elevating Lower Campus(2017-09-22) Higashihara, Rydan; Hong, Shirley; Huang, Concong; Lomboy, Christopher; Nguyen, KhoaThe Lower Campus of University of Hawai‘i at Mānoa (UHM) carries enormous potential to become a vibrant college town. Currently, many of the school’s students, staff, and surrounding community have very little involvement with this part of the campus. The UHM athletic department was in search of proof of concepts to help revitalize the site and to alleviate their financial issues. We were able to produce masterplan that was developed after periodical site visits, meetings, and presentations with stakeholders. With the help of design and financial specialists, we were guided through steps such as conceptualizing and producing the overall vision of the new site. We concluded that the embedment of seven activities within a network of programs and amenities will bring students, the Mānoa community, and the rest of Oahu to Lower Campus. The overall design was presented by sharing our thought process to provide reasoning to our decisions. Computer-generated renderings of different areas were used to help visualize the intended experiences. A final pro-forma was given as well to prove the constructability and provide an overall financial statement. The overall concept can be considered as an example of a solution to other areas with similar existing conditions.