ICT and Criminal Justice

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https://hdl.handle.net/10125/109937

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    The AMBER Alert System: An IS Artifact Design from a Rhetorical Situation Perspective
    (2025-01-07) Torres, Carlos; Bina, Saman; Horton, Michal; Burleson, Debra
    This paper connects IS artifact theory and a rhetorical framework to propose a set of design propositions that could improve the effectiveness of the AMBER Alert system in engaging public participation in finding missing children. Our design propositions emphasize the difference between AMBER Alerts and other emergency messages and propose a design extension that still relies on the affordances of the system but minimizes the system constraints. An effective instantiation of the proposed artifact is expected to persuade the public to collaborate with authorities.
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    Code of Justice: Comparing US and EU Regulation of AI Use in Criminal Sentencing
    (2025-01-07) Lauser, Sarah; Hackstadt, Angela
    The United States' legal framework concerning predictive policing and recidivism risk assessment tools is underdeveloped, prompting recent federal actions aimed at safeguarding fairness and impartiality in the criminal justice system. This paper assesses the current regulatory landscape in the United States regarding AI usage in sentencing decisions, comparing proposed and recently passed U.S. legislation to the European Union's Artificial Intelligence Act. Academic research highlights concern about biased data training AI models and their potential impact on sentencing fairness. Additionally, legal challenges to algorithm-based risk assessment underscore the need for transparency and accountability in AI's role in sentencing decisions. Through a comparative analysis of U.S. and EU legislative efforts, this study explores key themes such as explainability, accountability, and safeguards against discriminatory practices in AI-driven criminal justice systems.
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    Introduction to the Minitrack on ICT and Criminal Justice
    (2025-01-07) Choo, Kim-Kwang Raymond; Vishwamitra, Nishant; Pienta, Dan