Smart City Digital Twins
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ItemA Digital Twin City Model for Age-Friendly Communities: Capturing Environmental Distress from Multimodal Sensory Data( 2020-01-07)As the worldwide population is aging, the demands of aging-in-place are also increasing and require smarter and more connected cities to keep mobility independence of older adults. However, today’s aging built environment often poses great environmental demands to older adults’ mobility and causes their distresses. To better understand and help mitigating older adults’ distress in their daily trips, this paper proposes constructing the digital twin city (DTC) model that integrates multimodal data (i.e., physiological sensing, visual sensing) on environmental demands in urban communities, so that such environmental demands can be considered in mobility planning of older adults. Specifically, this paper examines how data acquired from various modalities (i.e., electrodermal activity, gait patterns, visual sensing) can portray environmental demands associated with older adults’ mobility. In addition, it discusses the challenges and opportunities of multimodal data fusion in capturing environmental distresses in urban communities.
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ItemRethinking Infrastructure Resilience Assessment with Human Sentiment Reactions on Social Media in Disasters( 2020-01-07)The objective of this study is to propose and test a theoretical framework which integrates the human sentiment reactions on social media in disasters into infrastructure resilience assessment. Infrastructure resilience assessment is important for reducing adverse consequences of infrastructure failures and promoting human well-being in natural disasters. Integrating societal impacts of infrastructure disruptions can enable a better understanding of infrastructure performance in disasters and human capacities under the stress of disruptions. However, the consideration of societal impacts of infrastructure disruptions is limited in existing studies for infrastructure resilience assessment. The reasons are twofold: first, an integrative theoretical framework for connecting the societal impacts to infrastructure resilience is missing; and second, gathering empirical data for capturing societal impacts of disaster disruptions is challenging. This study proposed a theoretical framework to examine the relationship between the societal impacts and infrastructure performance in disasters using social media data. Sentiments of human messages for relevant infrastructure systems are adopted as an indicator of societal impacts of infrastructure disruptions. A case study for electricity and transportation systems in Houston during the 2017 Hurricane Harvey was conducted to illustrate the application of the proposed framework. We find a relation between human sentiment and infrastructure status and validate it by extracting situational information from relevant tweets and official public data. The findings enable a better understanding of societal expectations and collective sentiments regarding the infrastructure disruptions. Practically, the findings also improve the ability of infrastructure management agencies in infrastructure prioritization and planning decisions.
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ItemKnowledge Discovery in Smart City Digital Twins( 2020-01-07)Despite the abundance of available urban data and the potential for reaching enhanced capabilities in the decision-making and management of city infrastructure, current data-driven approaches to knowledge discovery from city data often lack the capacity for collective data exploitation. Loosely defined data interpretation components, or disciplinary isolated interpretations of specific datasets make it easy to overlook necessary domain expertise, often resulting in speculative decision-making. Smart City Digital Twins are designed to overcome this barrier by integrating a more holistic analytics and visualization approach into the real-time knowledge discovery process from heterogeneous city data. Here, we present a spatiotemporal knowledge discovery framework for the collective exploitation of city data in smart city digital twins that incorporates both social and sensor data, and enables insights from human cognition. This is an initial step towards leveraging heterogeneous city data for digital twin-based decision-making.
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