EVALUATION OF EGGSHELLS USING A SCANNING ELECTRON MICROSCOPE AND ENERGY DISPERSIVE SPECTROMETRY

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dc.contributor.advisorMishra, Birendra
dc.contributor.authorMahato, Prem Lal
dc.contributor.departmentAnimal Sciences
dc.date.accessioned2024-10-09T23:45:46Z
dc.date.available2024-10-09T23:45:46Z
dc.date.issued2024
dc.description.degreeM.S.
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/10125/108666
dc.subjectPhysiology
dc.subjectEggshell-quality
dc.subjectMammillary
dc.subjectMineral
dc.subjectPalisade
dc.subjectScanning electron microscope
dc.titleEVALUATION OF EGGSHELLS USING A SCANNING ELECTRON MICROSCOPE AND ENERGY DISPERSIVE SPECTROMETRY
dc.typeThesis
dcterms.abstractThe eggshell is the outermost covering of an egg that provides physical and chemical protection. It is a major source of calcium and minerals for the growing embryo during incubation. The egg industry suffers from a considerable economic loss due to poor eggshell quality. Therefore, developing an accurate and precise method of determining eggshell quality is crucial in improving eggshells in subsequent generations of breeding stock. Hence, this study aimed to develop a method to accurately and precisely determine 1) eggshell thickness using a scanning electron microscope (SEM) and 2) eggshell mineral components using an SEM-Energy Dispersive Spectrometry (EDS) system. Four types of table eggs (N = 48; 12 eggs/group): Cage-Free Organic from the US Mainland (CFO-M) and Hawaii (CFO-H), Caged Non-Organic from the US Mainland (CNO-M), and Hawaii (CNO-H) were sourced from the grocery store. Approximately 0.5 mm2 pieces of eggshells from the equator region of the egg were taken and processed for visualization under the SEM. Three distinct layers of eggshell were identified under SEM: the outermost cuticle, the middle palisade, and the innermost mammillary region. The results showed that CFO-H eggs have a greater eggshell thickness (380.43 ± 2.69 µm) and effective thickness (306.28 ± 4.15 µm). Similarly, the mammillary knob count was denser in CNO-H eggs (186 ± 23.02 knobs/0.5 mm2). Calcium (97.36 ± 0.17%) was the highest among minerals in lower palisades (LP). The magnesium concentration was lowest in the LP region, whereas the phosphorus concentration was highest in the upper palisades. Our study established a scientific method to assess the eggshell quality and biochemical characteristics of eggs through SEM and EDS. This method can be used as a marker for selecting superior parent stock to improve eggshell quality in subsequent generations of breeding stock.
dcterms.extent74 pages
dcterms.languageen
dcterms.publisherUniversity of Hawai'i at Manoa
dcterms.rightsAll UHM dissertations and theses are protected by copyright. They may be viewed from this source for any purpose, but reproduction or distribution in any format is prohibited without written permission from the copyright owner.
dcterms.typeText
local.identifier.alturihttp://dissertations.umi.com/hawii:12276

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M.S. - Animal Sciences