Student, parent, teacher, and administrator perceptions of technology in school

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2025

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Abstract

Technology has become a fundamental component of K–12 education, paralleling the importance of core academic subjects. Effective technology integration in primary and secondary schools requires informed approaches shaped by diverse stakeholder insights. This qualitative study explored current and desired perceptions of technology use among middle-school-aged students (ages 11–14), together with parents, teachers, and administrators who support this age group from eight private schools in Hawaiʻi. Data collection included both stakeholder-specific focus groups and card-sorting activities based on the Technology Integration Matrix (TIM). Findings revealed both similarities and differences between current and preferred technology use in school. Students currently use technology mainly for routine tasks and communication but desire more autonomy, creativity, and opportunities for meaningful, higher-order learning experiences. Parents acknowledge technology's practical benefits but express concerns about reduced foundational skills and advocate for balanced technology integration emphasizing real-world applications. Teachers currently utilize technology primarily in structured, procedural roles but also incorporate technology for authentic experiences that connect to students' lives beyond the classroom; they prefer transitioning toward facilitating student-centered, innovative, and higher-order, and transformative learning experiences. Administrators perceive technology integration as widespread but heavily teacher-directed, highlighting concerns around cybersecurity and distractions, and advocate for deeper, student-driven integration promoting critical thinking, collaboration, and responsible AI use. These findings underscore the necessity of incorporating diverse stakeholder perspectives in technology policy and instructional practices, aiming for enhanced student autonomy, meaningful engagement, and responsible digital citizenship.

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Educational technology, Middle school education, Education, current and desired technology perceptions, educational technology, K–12 stakeholders, middle-school-aged students, Technology Integration Matrix (TIM)

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214 pages

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