The Impact of Weight Status Perception on Perceived Risk for Diabetes and Diabetes Screening.
Date
2017-12
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Abstract
Self-perceived weight status refers to how an individual assesses his or her own body
weight and size. Misperception of weight status can occur in either direction, with
underperception of weight status being more prevalent. Underperception of weight status is
closely associated with BMI category, with those who are categorized as obese having a higher
prevalence ratio (PR) of misperceiving their weight status of 5.31 (95% CI, 3.41-8.25) compared
to those who have a healthy weight, even after adjusting for other covariates. Males, those
identifying as Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander and those who have ever served in the
US Military are more likely to underperceive their weight status, even after adjusting for BMI
category, whereas those in older age groups are less likely to underperceive their weight status
compared to younger adults. Weight status underperception is associated with diabetes risk
perception. Individuals who overperceive their weight status are more likely to perceive
themselves to be at risk for diabetes (PR 1.42, 95% CI 1.14-1.76), whereas those who
underperceive their weight status are less likely to do so (PR 0.76, 95% CI 0.60-0.97) compared
to those with accurate weight status perception. Other factors associated with diabetes risk
perception include being diagnosed at risk (PR 1.97, 95% CI 1.58-2.45), having a family history
of diabetes (PR 1.77, 95% CI 1.39-2.24), and BMI category, with obese individuals being more
likely to perceive themselves to be at risk compared to those who have a healthy weight (PR
2.07, 95% CI 1.46-2.93). Higher diabetes risk perception is associated with greater receipt of
diabetes screening in the past three years (PR 1.31, 95% CI 1.05-1.62) even after adjusting for
age and other potential confounders. The findings have important implications for correcting
weight status perception and enhancing awareness of diabetes risk, with the goal of motivating
those at risk to engage in lifestyle change efforts targeted at reducing their risk for diabetes.
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diabetes, diabetes risk perception, weight status perception, diabetes screening
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