EXPLORATIONS OF BLUE SOVEREIGNTY: DISPLACEMENT, SELF-DETERMINATION, AND RĀHUI IN THE RAPA NUI AND MOTU MOTIRO HIVA MARINE PARKS
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2023
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The Rapa Nui and Motu Motiro Hiva Marine Parks together protect over 740,000 square kilometers of ocean, a marine space roughly the size of mainland Chile. Their establishment were critical milestones in Chile’s emergence as a leader in international ocean policy and conservation. The Motu Motiro Hiva Marine Park was established quickly in 2010 through an executive decree without any community engagement. Due to the persistence of the Rapanui community, coupled with shifting trends in marine conservation, indigenous resource management practices and community considerations were ultimately incorporated into the design and management plans of the Rapa Nui Marine Park. As a colonized place, Rapa Nui is governed by a complicated legal-political regime. The ocean and its resources are also the focus of multiple and conflicting layers of governance that are challenged and reinforced through complicated and fluid processes often far removed from those that interact most locally with it. This thesis seeks to explore, problematize, and understand how Rapa Nui’s political status and Oceanic position impact localized marine conservation efforts, as well as its separation from and linkages to Oceania. On the basis of this exploration, I argue that the Rapa Nui and Motu Motiro Hiva Marine Parks serve as venues for Rapanui to assert sovereignty and autonomy through Chile’s formal legal and regulatory mechanisms, but also through a regional exercise of blue sovereignty - a uniquely Oceanian place-based yet networked, culturally specific yet collective form self-determination of over the region’s marine resources and future.
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Pacific Rim studies, Political science
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130 pages
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