Vegetation of the Wet Windward Slope of Haleakala, Maui, Hawaii
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1992-04
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University of Hawai'i Press
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Abstract
The vegetation on the wet windward slope of Haleakala was
studied for community organization along a transect between 350 m a.s.l. and
the summit (3055 m). The plant communities classified by the Braun-Blanquet
synthesis table technique showed a hierarchical arrangement and were correlated
with altitude. First, the forest and the treeless vegetation were differentiated by
two major species groups. The boundary between the two was coincident with
the trade wind inversion (ca. 1900 m a.s.l.) where the wet, low to mid-altitudinal
climate changed abruptly upslope to an arid high-altitude one. These two
wide-ranging vegetation types were subdivided into three units, corresponding
to three broad altitudinal zones: the lowland, the montane, and the high-altitude
zones. The three units were further partitioned into seven plant communities,
which indicated six altitudinal subzones and one dieback belt. The floristic
composition of the communities, the community structures, and their environmental
relationships are briefly described with a summarized differential table.
The depauperate and disharmonic nature of the Hawaiian flora is reflected in
such altitudinal patterns as the low species turnover and the depressed forest
line.
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Kitayama K, Mueller-Dombois D. 1992. Vegetation of the wet windward slope of Haleakala, Maui, Hawaii. Pac Sci 46(2): 197-220.
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