Efficacy and Non-target Risks of Broadcasting Amdro Ant Bait to Protect Hawaiian Picture-winged Fly Breeding Habitats
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2024-10-21
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Multiple species of rare and federally endangered Hawaiian picturewinged Drosophila flies are at risk from predation by invasive ants, with Solenopsis papuana being the main ant of concern in mesic montane forests on Oʻahu. Prior work demonstrated that suppression of S. papuana with Amdro Ant Block Home Perimeter Ant Bait, distributed in bait stations throughout forest plots, can greatly increase reproductive success of picture-winged flies. The present study tested the efficacy and safety of broadcasting this bait, which is far easier and cheaper. A single broadcast application of Amdro bait at the label rate in 20 x 20 m field plots was very effective for suppressing S. papuana abundances for a period of at least six months, with somewhat weaker effects persisting for up to one year. Broadcast of Amdro bait did not appear to have strong negative impacts on nontarget invertebrates in these forests at the scale investigated: no significant declines were detected in Amdro-treated plots for any taxonomic group either immediately after application or six months later. Furthermore, cage trials suggest that picturewinged flies themselves are not strongly attracted to Amdro bait. Only a single brief feeding episode was observed among 23 flies of three non-listed surrogate species tested, and there was no difference in time to death between flies placed in cages provisioned with Amdro and flies placed in control cages. Collectively, the results suggest that a single broadcast of Amdro is effective for long-term suppression of S. papuana and should pose little risk to non-target ground-dwelling mesic forest invertebrate communities as well as to picture-winged flies.
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