Magma-Assisted Flexure of Hawaiian Lithosphere Inferred From Three-Dimensional Models of Lithospheric Flexure and Active Source Seismic Data
| dc.contributor.advisor | Apuzen-Ito, Garrett | |
| dc.contributor.author | Douglas, Daniel Leonard | |
| dc.contributor.department | Earth and Planetary Sciences | |
| dc.date.accessioned | 2021-09-30T18:02:09Z | |
| dc.date.issued | 2021 | |
| dc.description.degree | M.S. | |
| dc.embargo.liftdate | 2022-09-29 | |
| dc.identifier.uri | http://hdl.handle.net/10125/76277 | |
| dc.subject | Geophysics | |
| dc.title | Magma-Assisted Flexure of Hawaiian Lithosphere Inferred From Three-Dimensional Models of Lithospheric Flexure and Active Source Seismic Data | |
| dc.type | Thesis | |
| dcterms.abstract | We examine the deformation of the oceanic lithosphere beneath the Hawaiian Islands using 3D numerical models that simulate realistic rheologies including brittle failure, elasticity, low-temperature plasticity and high-temperature creep. Observations of flexure are provided by seismic imagery of the top of the pre-existing oceanic crust from legacy and novel active source seismic studies. When simulating normal lithospheric temperatures along with low-temperature flow laws that are weaker than inferred from rock physics experiments, the models successfully predict flexure near the older (2-4 Myr) volcanoes, confirming the results of prior studies. However, the models fail to predict flexure near the younger (<1 Myr) volcanoes. When simulating elevated temperatures due to hotspot magma that penetrated the lithosphere localized to beneath the island chain, models provide better fits to the observed flexure near both O‘ahu (2-4 Myr) and the Island of Hawai‘i (<1 Myr). These results argue against the need to revise published flow laws for low-temperature creep, supporting recent studies modeling lithospheric flexure at various Pacific subduction zones. Instead, the results indicate thermal and likely mechanical weakening localized beneath the island chain due to magma-assisted flexure. | |
| dcterms.extent | 29 pages | |
| dcterms.language | en | |
| dcterms.publisher | University of Hawai'i at Manoa | |
| dcterms.rights | All UHM dissertations and theses are protected by copyright. They may be viewed from this source for any purpose, but reproduction or distribution in any format is prohibited without written permission from the copyright owner. | |
| dcterms.type | Text | |
| local.identifier.alturi | http://dissertations.umi.com/hawii:11162 |
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