Predation on the California Sea Hare, Aplysia californica Cooper, by the Solitary Great Green Sea Anemone, Anthopleura xanthogrammica (Brandt), and the Effect of Sea Hare Toxin and Acetylcholine on Anemone Muscle
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1962-07
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University of Hawai'i Press
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Abstract
Because there are no known predators
to feed on them in their adult state, the sea hares
do not seem to enter into the prey-predator relationships
of the sea. They do, however, appear
to have a place in the food economy in certain
limited ways. Great numbers of larvae are
produced by the sea hares (MacGinitie, 1934),
which presumably are consumed in large numbers
by predaceous plankton and filter-feeders.
Large quantities of sea weed are masticated,
partially digested, and passed in the fecal pellets,
thus somewhat abbreviating the process by
which sea weed becomes detritus. Finally, when
the adults die their bodies become a part of the
marine economy by providing nutrition for bacterial
flora, or perhaps for scavengers such as
Pachygrapsus, which on occasion have been observed
feeding on the bodies of dead sea hares.
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Winkler LR, Tilton BE. 1962. Predation on the California sea hare, Aplysia californica Cooper, by the solitary great green sea anemone, Anthopleura xanthogrammica (Brandt), and the effect of sea hare toxin and acetylcholine on anemone muscle. Pac Sci 16(3): 286-290.
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