A Comparison of Strategies for Managing Energy Constraints of Energy Storage Providing Frequency Regulation
A Comparison of Strategies for Managing Energy Constraints of Energy Storage Providing Frequency Regulation
dc.contributor.author | Moring, Hannah | |
dc.contributor.author | Mathieu, Johanna | |
dc.date.accessioned | 2022-12-27T19:05:07Z | |
dc.date.available | 2022-12-27T19:05:07Z | |
dc.date.issued | 2023-01-03 | |
dc.description.abstract | CAISO and PJM operate the majority of grid-connected batteries in the U.S. The two markets manage the energy constraints of batteries providing frequency regulation differently. PJM, which has a fast (RegD) and a slow (RegA) regulation signal, uses RegA to conditionally maintain energy neutrality of the RegD signal over short durations. CAISO offsets net energy produced/consumed for frequency regulation with energy from the real-time energy market. This paper presents a comparison of these strategies with the goal of assessing the advantages and disadvantages of each approach. Specifically, we compare the approaches in terms of regulation signal-following performance and additional system control effort. Case study results suggest that both strategies can reliably keep a battery away from its state of charge limits but that PJM's strategy requires larger energy deviation from base operations. | |
dc.format.extent | 10 | |
dc.identifier.doi | 10.24251/HICSS.2023.337 | |
dc.identifier.isbn | 978-0-9981331-6-4 | |
dc.identifier.uri | https://hdl.handle.net/10125/102968 | |
dc.language.iso | eng | |
dc.relation.ispartof | Proceedings of the 56th Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences | |
dc.rights | Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International | |
dc.rights.uri | https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ | |
dc.subject | Policy, Markets, and Analytics | |
dc.subject | battery energy storage | |
dc.subject | electricity markets | |
dc.subject | energy management | |
dc.subject | frequency regulation | |
dc.title | A Comparison of Strategies for Managing Energy Constraints of Energy Storage Providing Frequency Regulation | |
dc.type.dcmi | text | |
prism.startingpage | 2745 |
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