Surface Sediments of the Nazca Plate
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1975-01
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University of Hawai'i Press
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Abstract
A new surface sediment distribution map of the southeast Pacific
Ocean has been compiled from approximately 800 existing samples. Ridge sediments
are characterized by calcareous ooze; deep ocean basin sediments by clay;
trench sediments by mud; and continental margin sediments by mud or material of
sand size or larger. Siliceous oozes are generally absent largely because of dilution
by calcareous material near the equator and terrigenous material near the continent,
and because of dissolution in the water column and on the sea floor. Some sediments
on the East Pacific Rise and in the Bauer Depression are markedly enriched
in iron and manganese, whereas, in other areas, concentrations of transition metals
are confined to nodules. Organic carbon values in bottom sediments bear a direct
relationship to the productivity of the overlying surface waters, and range up to
6.9 percent in a strongly upwelling area. Pyroclastic material is more widespread off
Peru than Chile. This may be due to easterly upper trophosphere winds over Peru
and westerly upper trophosphere winds over Chile.
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Rosato VJ, Kulm LD, Derks PS. 1975. Surface sediments of the Nazca Plate. Pac Sci 29(1): 117-130.
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