MĀTAURANGA MOANA: CONSERVATION AND MĀORI EPISTEMOLOGY IN TĪKAPA MOANA AND ACROSS AOTEAROA
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2023
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This thesis focuses on the historical and modern approaches to conservation and sustainability discourses and practices which take into account a Māori lens in one specific area of Aotearoa from an outsider’s perspective. Specifically, I am looking at Tīkapa Moana, a contested conservation area in Hauraki Gulf which is notable as an historical site of migration for the region’s iwi from the ancestral homeland of Hawaiki. Tīkapa Moana is home to twelve different iwi and many hapū, all with specific versions of mātauranga. The heterogeneity of cultural practices and beliefs bearing on conservation hopes and anxieties, planning and decision making, across iwi and hapū are significant contexts of motivation around activism in Tīkapa Moana, situated outside Tāmaki Makaurau, the most populated city in Aotearoa, making it a popular tourist destination. As an immensely popular destination for marine tourism and holiday vacations, Tīkapa Moana has seen remarkable population growth and problematic development. Tīkapa Moana is a place of cultural significance for many iwi and hapū, but it continues to be desecrated by heavy expansion. Across Te Moana Nui a Kiwa today, efforts to include Indigenous perspectives, such as mātauranga Māori across Aotearoa, have become a notable dynamic within conservation efforts. This thesis contributes to understanding the complexity of contemporary conservation discourses in Aotearoa and across Oceania through sensitive engagement with actors and contexts around a specific site of activation—Tīkapa Moana—where scholars, activists, and environmentalists are working to ensure that the mātauranga of the twelve iwi is acknowledged and respected before further desecration and damage occurs.
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Sustainability, Cultural anthropology, Aotearoa, Hauraki Gulf, Māori, Mātauranga, Pūtiki Bay, Tīkapa Moana
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134 pages
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