Elucidating the Distribution of Mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae) on the Island of Maui

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2024-10-21

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Mosquito-borne diseases are a global threat to public health and wildlife conservation. Avian malaria devastates endemic birds, while introduced mosquitoes in Hawai‘i have caused dengue outbreaks, notably in 2015 on Hawai‘i island, and raise the risk of future arbovirus transmission. This highlights the importance of surveying mosquito populations and creating distribution maps for vector control, especially in neglected areas of Hawai‘i. Currently, there are seven introduced mosquito species in Hawai‘i, six of which are blood-feeding, and five are competent disease vectors. However, the impact of space, time, and elevation on mosquito abundance and species diversity remains unassessed on Maui. This project aimed to fill this gap by characterizing mosquito distribution on Maui using traps deployed around the island for a year. Ae. albopictus was found to be abundant and widely distributed, while Culex quinquefasciatus was abundant but had a limited distribution compared to Ae. albopictus. Ae. vexans and Wy. mitchellii were also collected. June had the highest mosquito capture rate. Hawai‘i faces ongoing threats from new species due to high tourism and cargo shipments, with climate change expected to alter mosquito suitability at higher elevations. This study serves as an important reference for monitoring such changes.

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Proceedings of the Hawaiian Entomological Society (2024) 56:13–27

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