Energy and bandwidth efficient multi-target tracking in a two-tier hierarchical wireless sensor network

dc.contributor.author Wei, Jin en_US
dc.date.accessioned 2011-07-21T23:08:20Z
dc.date.available 2011-07-21T23:08:20Z
dc.date.issued 2008 en_US
dc.description Thesis (M.S.)--University of Hawaii at Manoa, 2008. en_US
dc.description Includes bibliographical references (leaves 53-56). en_US
dc.description ix, 56 leaves, bound 29 cm en_US
dc.description.abstract Target tracking is an important application of wireless sensor networks (WSN). In order to deal with sensor nodes with limited energy supply and communication bandwidth, two-tier hierarchical WSNs are proposed for solving the problems of single-target tracking without clutter and multi-target tracking in cluttered environment respectively. To handle the first problem, the Base Station (BS) selects one active cluster with highest expected information gain at each time step and the Cluster Head (CH) of the active cluster selects combination of several active sensor nodes within its own cluster to achieve lowest energy consumption. The active sensor nodes send mw measurements to their cluster head, which processes the information locally and estimates the target state using Auxiliary Particle Filtering (APF) method. The efficiency of this proposed two-tier hierarchical WSN is demonstrated in the application of signal strength tracking. To address the Multi-Target Tracking (MTI) in cluttered environment, the base station selects multiple active clusters of sensors which have a better view of the targets at each time step and determines their order for the sequential data fusion in the second level of hierarchy. Within each active cluster, multiple sensor nodes are activated, and transmit the measurement-sets to their cluster head. The cluster head only fuses some of the measurement-sets with higher information gain, and a Particle Probability Hypothesis Density (PHD) filtering method is performed for estimating the number of targets and their states. The proposed two-tier hierarchical WSN works well for multi-target tracking in cluttered environment even when target dynamics and/or measurement process are severely non-linear. Since the PHD filter keeps no record of target identities, it does not provide the temporal association of estimates over time. To address this issue, a data association scheme is developed to produce track valued estimates of individual targets. This scheme is computationally efficient and works well even when target dynamics and/or measurement process are severely non-linear. The performance of the proposed two-tier hierarchical WSN in multi-target tracking is demonstrated in the application of bearing and signal strength tracking. en_US
dc.identifier.uri http://hdl.handle.net/10125/20543
dc.language.iso en-US en_US
dc.relation Theses for the degree of Master of Science (University of Hawaii at Manoa). Electrical Engineering; no. 4339 en_US
dc.rights All UHM dissertations and theses are protected by copyright. They may be viewed from this source for any purpose, but reproduction or distribution in any format is prohibited without written permission from the copyright owner. en_US
dc.title Energy and bandwidth efficient multi-target tracking in a two-tier hierarchical wireless sensor network en_US
dc.type Thesis en_US
dc.type.dcmi Text en_US
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