Management of the sweet potato weevil (Cylas formicarius) using pheromone traps, entomopathogenic fungi, and entomopathogenic nematodes
Management of the sweet potato weevil (Cylas formicarius) using pheromone traps, entomopathogenic fungi, and entomopathogenic nematodes
Date
2023
Authors
Wong, Landon Gee-Keong
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Sipes, Brent S.
Department
Tropical Plant Pathology
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Abstract
This research investigated the viability of three different entomopathogenic nematode (EPN) species from different genera, four strains of entomopathogenic fungi (EPF), and an Alpha
Scents
® sweetpotato weevil trap for efficacy against the sweetpotato weevil (SPW). SPW
mortality experiments using EPF and EPN were conducted in the laboratory. Heterorhabditis
indica OM-160 had an adjusted mortality of 20-30%, Steinernema feltiae MG-14 had an adjusted
mortality of 50-60%, while Oscheius tipulae OA-12 had an adjusted mortality at 30%. For EPF,
Botanigard® (a.i. Beauveria bassiana GHA strain) caused a relative mortality above 30%, while
mortality from Met Master® (a.i. Metarhizium anisopliae) was lower than the untreated control.
Six field experiments were conducted to evaluate the efficacy of EPN and EPF. In five field
experiments, application of commercial EPF products (Botanigard®, Mycotrol®, and Met
Master®
) did not reduce SPW populations or damage. A Metarhizium isolated in Hawaii (KO002) substantially reduced damage and SPW population densities when inoculated into a
compost and amended to soil at sweetpotato planting. S. feltiae MG-14 and O. tipulae OA-12
reduced SPW populations. EPN and commercial EPF effectiveness was negated when applied to
the same plots. Pheromone traps were found to be effective at capturing males and monitoring
population density of SPW in the field. Based on a field trial, SPW ppheromone traps did not
interfere with biological control treatments. Therefore, for management of SPW, EPN and KO002 were effective against SPW. Commercial EPF products were ineffective and are not
recommended. Pheromone traps were effective population monitors and are recommended for
monitoring of sweetpotato weevil pest pressure.
Description
Keywords
Agriculture,
Environmental health,
Parasitology,
Entomopathogenic,
fungi,
nematode,
plant,
sweetpotato,
weevil
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94 pages
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