WRRCTMR No.58 Estimating Peak Discharges in Small Urban Hawaiian Watersheds for Selected Rainfall Frequencies, Kane'ohe Watershed, O'ahu, Hawai'i
WRRCTMR No.58 Estimating Peak Discharges in Small Urban Hawaiian Watersheds for Selected Rainfall Frequencies, Kane'ohe Watershed, O'ahu, Hawai'i
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Date
1978-08
Authors
Lopez, Nancy C.
Dugan, Gordon L.
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Water Resources Research Center, University of Hawaii at Manoa
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Abstract
Since its establishment in the spring of 1971 the Hawaii Environmental Simulation Laboratory (HESL) has attempted to simulate some of the consequences of alternative land use-economic decisions. The Kane'ohe region on O'ahu Island, Hawai'i was selected as a study area. Flooding, which has historically created hazard areas in Kane'ohe, appears to be significantly altered by the rapid urbanization of the region. The problem of predicting flooding patterns in the Kane'ohe region, as well as Hawai'i in general, is
complicated by the rather small area of the individual watersheds, the abrupt changes in terrain, and the short times of concentration, generally less than 1 hr.
Using existing technology, a planning-oriented tool for predicting peak
discharges resulting from various patterns of urbanization has been developed by HESL for Hawaiian conditions. The tool utilizes the U.S. Soil Conservation Service Runoff Curves, a unique time of concentration formula, and the U.S. Weather Bureau Rainfall-Frequency Atlas of the Hawaiian Islands. Areas within the watershed were segregated by ranges of slope into response zones. Input data include soil class and cover, hydraulic length, and average slope.
The model was applied to ten individual watersheds within the Kane'ohe region,
and estimates of peak discharge for the watersheds were made for selected
rainfall return intervals. Peak discharge values were determined for existing
land use and for three different scenarios (hypothetical patterns of urban growth) for the year 1995. Tests of the model using the rather limited existing peak discharge records have been very encouraging.
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Keywords
Flood forecasting -- Hawaii -- Oahu -- Mathematical models.,
Kaneohe (Hawaii),
Rain and rainfall -- Hawaii -- Oahu.,
Urban runoff -- Hawaii -- Oahu -- Mathematical models.,
Watershed hydrology -- Hawaii -- Oahu.
Citation
Lopez NC, Dugan GL. 1978. Estimating peak discharges in small urban Hawaiian watersheds for selected rainfall frequencies Kaneohe watershed, O'ahu, Hawai'i. Honolulu (HI): Water Resources Research Center, University of Hawaii at Manoa. WRRC technical memorandum, 58.
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vi + 24 pages
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