WRRC Technical Memorandum Reports
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Item WRRCTM No. 39 Water Quality Information Storage and Retrieval System for Hawaii(Water Resources Research Center, University of Hawaii at Manoa, 1974-05) Miller, Jacquelin N.A computerized information storage and retrieval system has been developed for water quality data collected and maintained by the Department of Health, State of Hawaii, from 1955 through 1971. The system provides for safe, permanent, storage and rapid retrieval of water quality data. In addition to the ability to retrieve a systematically organized total data list, the capability also is present to compute, list and plot certain statistics basic to data reduction and analysis techniques. A catalogue of the major water quality stations in Hawaii with their respective agencies is included. Recommendations are presented for the continued maintenance, development, and expansion of the WQISAR system.Item WRRCTM No. 38 Some Evidence of Economics of Scale in Hawaiian Sugar Plantations(Water Resources Research Center, University of Hawaii at Manoa, 1974-01) Moncur, James E.T.Of the major sectors in Oahu's economy, sugar growing and milling together use by far the largest quantities of water. The three plantations still operating on Oahu in 1971 accounted for 57 percent of total withdrawals, even though this percentage has steadily declined over the past decade or longer. A persistent trend among plantations, moreover, is for mergers to occur, presumably to take advantage of economies of scale. This study was undertaken to inquire into the effect of scale on sugar production. Data for plantations on four of the Hawaiian Islands is applied to several procedures for estimating scale economics and economic efficiency. First, a "survivorship" test is used. Then the efficiency measures developed by M. J. Farrell are calculated. Finally, some regression estimates are determined.Item WRRCTMR No.10 Electric Well Logging on Oahu(Water Resources Research Center, University of Hawaii at Manoa, 1967-02) Lao, ChesterThe Water Resources Research Center has begun an investigation of the uses of electric well-logging in Hawaiian hydrogeologic conditions. Since the arrival of the electric well logger in April, 1966, 32 producing wells and test wells plus 2 small diameter test holes have been surveyed on Oahu. The correlation between the interpretation of electric logs made on sediments and actual drilling cores is excellent. Electric logs obtained on wells in basalt generally display good electric contrasts but their interpretation is more difficult than is the case with the logs in sediments.Item WRRCTMR No.12 Preliminary Survey of a Portion of Parker Ranch(Water Resources Research Center, University of Hawaii at Manoa, 1968-03) Adams, W.M.; Peterson, F.; Lao, C.The work reported here was performed on 2 and 3 March 1968. Hapuna Beach Park was the startingpoint for the reconnaissance which proceeded along-Lalamilo Coast towards Pauoa Bay. As a result of this field effort, and extensive discussions with Mr. Jim McIntyre, no evidence was encountered in the area of interest to indicate any discharge of water on the order of 1,000,000 gallons/day. There is no reason to believe that any obvious flow at the shoreline visited was completely missed.Item WRRCTMR No.21 Water Pollution in Hawaii -- 1969(Water Resources Research Center, University of Hawaii at Manoa, 1969-11) Cox, Doak C.An address at the Conference for Clean Air and Water held on 7 November 1969.Item WRRCTMR No.13 Geophysical Evidences for Ground Water Conditions in the Vicinity of Anaehoomalu and Lalamilo(Water Resources Research Center, University of Hawaii at Manoa, 1968-05) Adams, W.M.; Peterson, F.; Lao, C.; Campbell, J.F.Item WRRCTMR No.20 Water Quality and its Relation to Useage(Water Resources Research Center, University of Hawaii at Manoa, 1969-11) Burbank, N.C. Jr.The relationship between water quality and its ultimate use has been established over the years. Often the quality of raw water available has governed the site selection for an industrial establishment and, equally important, has determined whether a community grew and prospered or failed to develop. Molokai has an abundance of water on its eastern coastal mountains and a lack of water on its southern and central plain. The surface water is generally of good quality while the ground water may be of extremely variable quality.Item WRRCTMR No.8 Infrared Exploration for Hawaiian Ground Water Coastal Springs: A Status Report, 10 December 1966(Water Resources Research Center, University of Hawaii at Manoa, 1967-02) Palmer, Leonard A.Ground water springs near the shoreline discharge a large portion of the Ghyben-Herzberg fresh water lens in the Hawaiian Islands. Conventional methods are applicable to measurement of rainfall, evaporation and runoff, but the irregular distribution and size of holes in the volcanic rock through which most Hawaiian water flows make accurate ground water flow measurements difficult. More precise information on the rates of ground water losses through coastal spring discharge are important to the understanding and planning for future Hawaiian water supply. A variety of reliable and economical methods of utilizing infrared radiation and reflection are being successfully applied to the study of rocks, plants, sea water and other material. Specifically, infrared radiation has been shown to be an effective indicator of fresh and sea water temperatures. A joint federal and state project funded for the year 1966-67 through the Water Resources Research Center at the University of Hawaii in part will investigate the applicability of various sensors to the measurement of thermal contrast in and around coastal ground water springs wasting into the sea. Studies will include the examination of infrared radiation spectra at various wave lenghts by films and thermistor instrumentation. Surface and underwater temperatures will be compared with radiometer measurements to determine the accuracy and water penetration of radiation sensors.Item WRRCTMR No.50 Optimal Use of Water and Related Resources for Diversified Agriculture on Oahu, Hawaii: A Hypothetical Study(Water Resources Research Center, University of Hawaii at Manoa, 1975-06) Fok, Yu-SiThe study problem of diversified farming presented in this report represents one of the many hypothetical alternatives in anticipation of the possible future changes in agriculture patterns and land use on Oahu. Urbanization problems involved in the land use changes from agriculture into urban were not a part of the scope of this study. The two major objectives of this study were: (1) to formulate an objective function and its constraints for the variables involved in diversified farming in the southwest region of Oahu, and (2) to show that the objective function and its constraints can be solved by the technique of linear programming. Using the population projection for Oahu, 197O-2020, made by the Board of Water Supply, City and County of Honolulu, projections on available farm land, water, labor, and crops were made and benefit-cost analyses for diversified crops were performed for the study area. Once the coefficients and the limitations of the objective and the constraint functions were determined, the study problem was solved by the linear programming method. The computer program for the linear programming solutions was written in detail in Fortran IV language. Results of this study indicated that (1) diversified farming in the study area should generate profits from selected vegetable crops for which local demand exists, and (2) the linear programming technique can be applied to obtain optimal solutions for problems involved in diversified farming.Item WRRCTMR No.52 Algal Growth Potential of Waste Water Effluents in Hawaiian Receiving Waters(Water Resources Research Center, University of Hawaii at Manoa, 1976-11) Nakatsuka, Ivan K.; Miller, Eassie M.; Young, Reginald H.F.A laboratory study was conducted to determine the algal growth potential (AGP) of secondary domestic effluents on stream and marine waters in Hawaii. AGP methods developed by the Environmental Protection Agency were used with effluent-receiving water mixtures representative of nutrient levels found in existing effluent disposal situations. Results of this study are indicative that growth response follows similar patterns for conventional biologically-treated effluents in the four fresh receiving waters tested, with peak growth occurring at a 20% dilution of the effluent. Peak growth conditions occur at a lesser dilution, 40%, in sea water, but this would be an uncommon existing environmental situation in light of outfall design objectives and current practice. Field conditions exist in fresh receiving streams in Hawaii where the effluent dilution is 20% or less, so in situations of excessive stimulation or at lesser dilutions, some inhibition of planktonic growth occurs. The growth potential response of "standard" test alga with Hawaiian waste waters and receiving waters has been demonstrated.