Pacific Science Volume 25, Number 3, 1971

Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://hdl.handle.net/10125/3258

Pacific Science is a quarterly publication devoted to the biological and physical sciences of the Pacific Region.

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The Pacific Species of the Clinid Fish Tribe Starksiini
(University of Hawai'i Press, 1971-07) Rosenblatt, Richard H.; Taylor, Leighton R Jr.
The Atlantic species of the clinid fishes of the tribe Starksiini were revised by Bohlke and Springer (1961), who synonymized the nominal genus Brannerella with Starksia, and regarded the group as monogeneric. They recognized eight species, describing two as new. Subsequently three additional Atlantic species have been described (C.R. Gilbert, 1965; C.R. Gilbert, in press). The Pacific forms were last treated by Al-Uthrnan (1960) who recognized two species, describing Brannerella spinipenis as new. Our study began with the collection of an obviously und escribed species in the Gulf of California. Further examination of starksiin material revealed that the species that had been called Starksia cremnobates by recent authors (Hubbs, 1952; Al-Uthman, 1960; Bohlke and Springer, 1961) could not be referred to cremnobates of Gilbert and had never been named. This species differs so strongly from the other starksiin species that a new genus is proposed for it. This, coupled with the discovery of seven additional undescribed species of Starksia, bringing the total for the eastern Pacific to nine, has necessitated an extensive treatment of all the Pacific species.
Predation by the Nudibranch Dirona albolineata on Three Species of Prosobranchs
(University of Hawai'i Press, 1971-07) Robilliard, Gordon A.
Breeding in an Oceanic Population of Pleuroncodes planipes (Crustacea, Galatheidae)
(University of Hawai'i Press, 1971-07) Longhurst, Alan R.; Seibert, Don L.
The pelagic population of Pleuroncodes planipes known to occur in the California Current Extension is partly recruited by drift of megalopas from neritic regions and partly, as demonstrated by EASTROPAC samples, by breeding in situ.
Megalobrachium poeyi (Crustacea, Decapoda, Porcellanidae): Comparison between Larval Development in Atlantic and Pacific Specimens Reared in the Laboratory
(University of Hawai'i Press, 1971-07) Gore, Robert H.
The Natantian Shrimps (Crustacea, Decapoda) Associated with Invertebrates in Hawaii
(University of Hawai'i Press, 1971-07) Castro, Peter
Substrate Selection in Caprellid Amphipods of Southern California, with Emphasis on Caprella californica Stimpson and Caprella equilibra Say (Amphipoda)
(University of Hawai'i Press, 1971-07) Keith, Donald E.
The substrate affinities of Southern Californian caprellids were studied with principal interest in two species, Caprella californica and Caprella equilibra. Experiments designed to test the selectivity for three substrates at Long Beach Marina showed C. californica to "prefer" the bryozoan Bugula neritina over the algae Polysiphonia pacifica and Ulva lobata. Caprella equilibra showed no preference between Bugula neritina and Polysiphonia pacifica, but selected these substrates over Ulva lobata. Selectivity of Caprella californica was attributed to its cryptic adaptation.
A Remarkable New Amphipod Genus (Crustacea, Gammaridae) from Eniwetok Atoll Lagoon
(University of Hawai'i Press, 1971-07) Croker, Robert A.
Helminths from the Exotic Game Birds of the Puuwaawaa Ranch, Hawaii
(University of Hawai'i Press, 1971-07) Lewin, V.; Holmes, J.C.
Notes on Indo-Pacific Scleractinian Corals. Part 7 Catalaphyllia, a New Genus of Reef Corals
(University of Hawai'i Press, 1971-07) Wells, John W.
Ecology and Taxonomy of an Epizooic Diatom
(University of Hawai'i Press, 1971-07) Russell, Dennis J.; Norris, Richard E.
An epizooic diatom, Sameioneis carinaes gen. et sp. nov., has been found in the inland marine waters of northwestern Washington. It was found attached only to the copepod Corycaeus affinis. Attachment of the diatom occurs mainly on the second antennae and thoracic segments of male animals, and on the carapace and thoracic segments of females, which are the areas of contact during copulatory and noncopulatory clasping. It is probable that the diatoms are transferred to other animals during these activities.
On Some Ceramiaceae (Rhodophyta) from California
(University of Hawai'i Press, 1971-07) Abbott, Isabella A.
Morphological features in the red algal family Ceramiaceae are described for four taxa from California. One of them, Bornetia californica, is described as new to science and is distinguished from other known species by the method of branching in the tetrasporangial and spermatangial laterals. Ptilothamnion codicolum is a transfer from Pleonosporium and is placed in this genus because of the number of cells of the fertile axis and the development of the gonimoblast. Spermothamnion snyderae, widely distributed on the Pacific coast, is transferred to Tiffaniella because of the structure of the gonimoblast and the lack of an involucre. Two species of Callithamnion, C. rigidum Dawson and C. uncinatum Dawson, are placed in synonymy with Callithamnion rupicolum Anderson.
The Vascular Plants of the Horne and Wallis Islands
(University of Hawai'i Press, 1971-07) St. John, Harold; Smith, Albert C.
Recent botanical collections by H. S. McKee and Douglas E. Yen, together with the few available records from published papers, have been collated into a checklist of the known vascular plants of the Horne and Wallis Islands. Of 248 species here listed, 170 appear to be indigenous. Many of these are widespread, but 45 of them are limited to the Fijian Region (New Hebrides to Samoa) . Of the four known endemic species, Elatostema yenii St. John and Peperomia futunaensis St. John are herewith proposed as new, and a new combination in the fern genus Thelypteris, by G. Brownlie, is included.
A Study of the Growth Morphologies of Two Deep-Sea Manganese Meganodules
(University of Hawai'i Press, 1971-07) Morgenstein, Maury
The morphologies of manganese are numerous; commonly, they are classified as: micronodules, meganodules, crusts, botryoidals, and agglomerates. Within these classes are numerous shape categories. The purpose of this paper is to describe two, shape and surface-texture categories for manganese meganodules taken in a dredge (V16-SBT3) by Lamont-Doherty Geological Observatory near the Mid-Atlantic Ridge, at lat. 13°04' S, long. 24°41 ' W, in 4,700 meters water depth . Septarian concretionary features were observed on the bulk of the nodules, as were concentric manganese ring growths around rock centers, constituting the first known occurrence of this morphology in deep-sea sediments.
The Origin of Manganese Nodules: A Combined Theory with Special Reference to Palagonitization
(University of Hawai'i Press, 1971-07) Morgenstein, Maury; Felsher, Murray
Manganese responsible for nodular development is derived from both the oceans and the continents. The bulk of manganese is probably derived through continental weathering. Ferruginous compounds are incorporated into ocean-bottom sediment layers through submarine volcanism. Terrigenous manganese accretes by the catalytic action (or possibly a redox reaction) of iron and ferromanganiferous complexes present at the sediment-water interface. This results in the formation of manganese nodules which are at once the products of both normal continental and normal oceanic weathering . The rate of manganese accretion is partially dependent upon the rate of diagenetic palagonitization. New measurements indicate linear manganese accretion rates range from 1.7 to 8.7 mm/10^6 years. Rates for volumetric manganese accretion range from 110 to 1;300 mm^3/ 10^6 years. Initial development proceeds at the more rapid rate and subsequent accretion at the slower rate. Manganese nodules with centers other than volcanic debris (shark's tooth centers) may be formed as a result of related catalytic mechanisms.
Soil Sequences of Western Samoa
(University of Hawai'i Press, 1971-07) Schroth, C.L.
The two important regional genetic factors governing the formation of the soils of the volcanic high islands of the Pacific are the age of the parent rock and the amount and distribution of rainfall. The islands of Upolu and Savai'i in Western Samoa offer an excellent opportunity to study the effects of these two factors upon soil development. The islands experience wide ranges of orographic rainfall and have parent rocks of different ages.
25:3 Table of Contents - Pacific Science
(University of Hawai'i Press, 1971-07)

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