Pacific Science Volume 28, Number 4, 1974

Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://hdl.handle.net/10125/828

Pacific Science is a quarterly publication devoted to the biological and physical sciences of the Pacific Region.

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Now showing 1 - 15 of 15

28: Index - Pacific Science
(University of Hawai'i Press, 1974)
Geochemistry of Lake Waters from the South Island, New Zealand
(University of Hawai'i Press, 1974-10) Glasby, G.P.; Edgerley, WHL
Snow and lake water samples from the New Zealand region have been analyzed for a range of constituents. The results indicate that the lake waters are generally low in ionic constituents and that these constituents are distributed uniformly with depth in the lakes. The concentrations of sodium and potassium in the lake waters indicate that these elements are derived principally by direct atmospheric transport of marine aerosols. Calcium, magnesium, and silica are enriched relative to sodium in the lake waters when compared with rainwater by leaching of the surrounding schist and graywackes in the sequence calcium > magnesium > silicon silica. SO4 2- is also enriched relative to sodium in the lake water compared with the precipitation samples.
Algal Flora of Some North Island, New Zealand, Lakes, Including Rotorua and Rotoiti
(University of Hawai'i Press, 1974-10) Cassie, Vivienne
A New Ervatamia (Apocynaceae) from Makatea Island, Tuamotu Archipelago Pacific Plant Studies 23
(University of Hawai'i Press, 1974-10) St. John, Harold
Skottsbergiliana New Genus (Cucurbitaceae) of Hawaii Island Hawaiian Plant Studies 41
(University of Hawai'i Press, 1974-10) St. John, Harold
A Review of the Labrid Genus Paracheilinus, with the Description of a New Species from Melanesia
(University of Hawai'i Press, 1974-10) Allen, Gerald R.
The genus Paracheilinus Fourmanoir, previously known from a single specimen collected in the Red Sea, is reviewed and a new species is described from New Guinea and the Solomon Islands. Paracheilinus, which was not adequately defined when introduced by Fourmanoir, is a member of the labrid subfamily Cheilininae, which also includes Cheilinus, Cirrhilabrus, Pseudocheilinops, and Pseudocheilinus. It appears to be closely allied to Cirrhilabrus. The two genera are similar in body shape, dentition, and behavior. Paracheilinus filamentosus n.sp. differs from P. octotaenia Fourmanoir primarily on the basis of color pattern and shape of the head, dorsal fin, and caudal fin.
A Description and Experimental Analysis of Batesian Mimicry between a Marine Gastropod and an Amphipod
(University of Hawai'i Press, 1974-10) Field, Laurence H.
An apparent case of Batesian mimicry is described between three co-occurring species of the marine gastropod Lacuna (the model) and an amphipod mimic (Stenopleustes). Similar characteristics include size, color pattern, and locomotory behavior on eelgrass blades. Both animals inhabit subtidal eelgrass beds, but the mimic is only 1.0-4.2 percent as common as the model. Predatory fish (Cottidae, Pholidae) from the eelgrass habitat rarely eat Lacuna or Stenopleustes (shown by fecal analysis) but will readily eat Stenopleustes if the mimic betrays its snail disguise by swimming. Only 8.8 percent of the Stenopleustes (which walks along eelgrass blades and seldom swims) were eaten, compared to 62.5-percent predation of a co-occurring nonmimetic gammarid amphipod (which often swims), in laboratory predator-prey experiments. These data suggest that the amphipod, by resembling a conspicuous and relatively inedible snail, enjoys a protective advantage from predation by fish in the eelgrass habitat.
Contributions to the Knowledge of the Alpheid Shrimp of the Pacific Ocean Part XVII. Additional Notes on the Hawaiian Alpheids: New Species, Subspecies, and Some Nomenclatorial Changes
(University of Hawai'i Press, 1974-10) Banner, Albert H.; Banner, Dora M.
On the Systematics of Ancinus (Isopoda, Sphaeromatidae), with the Description of a New Species from the Tropical Eastern Pacific
(University of Hawai'i Press, 1974-10) Glynn, Peter W.; Glynn, Carmen S.
Recent quantitative sampling of sandy beaches in Central America revealed that species in the sphaeromatid genus Ancinus are abundant and widespread at low latitudes. Ancinus panamensis n. sp. is described from the Pacific coasts of Panama and Colombia and compared with A. brasiliensis Lemos de Castro from the Caribbean coasts of Panama and Costa Rica. The morphology and color polymorphism of the Panamanian species are illustrated in detail. Study of all known species in the genus indicated the existence of at least four and probably five distinct species in the New World. A key to these species is presented.
Cyclopoid Copepods Associated with the Coral Genera Favia, Favites, Platygyra, and Merulina in New Caledonia
(University of Hawai'i Press, 1974-10) Humes, Arthur G.
In New Caledonia Cerioxynus n. gen. (Cyclopoida, Liehomolgidae) contains Cerioxynus faviticolus n. sp. from Favites halicora (Ehrenberg) and Cerioxynus alatus n. sp. from Favia favus (Forskal), both hosts belonging to the Faviidae. Amardopsis n. gen. (Lichomolgidae) contains Amardopsis merulinae n. sp. from Merulina ampliata (Ellis & Solander), a host belonging to the Merulinidae. The lichomolgid Panjakus platygyrae Humes & Stock, 1973, is recorded from a new host, Platygyra astreiformis (Milne Edwards & Haime), a coral belonging to the Faviidae.
Redescription of Anthopleura nigrescens (Coelenterata, Actiniaria) from Hawaii
(University of Hawai'i Press, 1974-10) Dunn, Daphne Fautin
The species of Hawaiian sea anemone described by Verrill (1928) as Tealiopsis nigrescens is redescribed and referred to the genus Anthopleura.
Capacity for Development of Secondary Manubria in Eutonina indicans Medusae (Hydrozoa)
(University of Hawai'i Press, 1974-10) Sassaman, Clay
Biology of the Polyclad Prosthiostomum (Prosthiostomum) sp., a New Coral Parasite from Hawaii
(University of Hawai'i Press, 1974-10) Jokiel, Paul L.; Townsley, Sidney J.
Prosthiostomum (Prosthiostomum) sp., a species of polyclad flatworm yet to be described, is an obligate ectoparasitic symbiont of the hermatypic coral Montipora. Field and laboratory studies have demonstrated an intimate parasite/host association involving the utilization of host corals as food and substrate by the parasite. Development of larvae is within the immediate host environment; consequently, infections are produced through direct infection. Various aspects of the biology, such as the developmental history, feeding habits, and parasite/host response to thermal environment, are reported. It is concluded that all aspects of the life history of this species show adaptations toward host specificity. This represents a rare example of true coral parasitism since most animals known to feed on coral tissues are considered to be facultative predators. The optimal thermal environment for the parasite appears to coincide with that of the coral host, a phenomenon which may tend to produce a seasonally stable parasite/host interaction. The parasite appears to become a serious coral pest only in disrupted systems such as artificial laboratory situations or in the polluted sections of Kaneohe Bay, Oahu.
Sipunculid Burrows in Coral Reefs: Evidence for Chemical and Mechanical Excavation
(University of Hawai'i Press, 1974-10) Williams, J.A.; Margolis, S.V.
The crystalline structure of sipunculid burrow linings from dead coral as studied with the scanning electron microscope indicates the presence of etching similar to that produced by treatment of unmodified coral surfaces with acid, and with EDTA. Initial biochemical activity appears to weaken intercrystalline bonds, permitting detachment of crystals by mechanical abrasion and subsequent deposition of their fragments in spaces between corallite walls.
28:4 Table of Contents - Pacific Science
(University of Hawai'i Press, 1974-10)

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