Volume 55: 2023 - Hawaiian Entomological Society

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https://hdl.handle.net/10125/75852

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    Five New Species of Hawaiian Endemic Fancy Case Caterpillars from a Recently Established Forest Reserve on Maui (Cosmopterigidae: Hyposmocoma)
    ( 2023-04-13) Doornweerd, Camiel ; Austin, Kyhl A ; Rubinoff, Daniel
    We here describe five new species of Hawaiian fancy case caterpillars, Hyposmocoma Butler (Lepidoptera: Cosmopterigidae), from East Maui: Hyposmocoma (Hyposmocoma) starrorum sp. n., H. (H.) kukilakila sp. n., H. (H.) makaohuna sp. n., H. (H.) kamehamenui sp. n., and H. (H.) desilvai sp. n. They were collected during biodiversity surveys of the recently established Kamehamenui State Forest Reserve. All newly described species are endemic to East Maui, and likely even restricted to particular parts of Haleakalā. They represent a fraction of the undescribed diversity in the endemic genus Hyposmocoma and the discovery of these new species suggests that conservation initiatives and access to reserves will reveal significant additional diversity in one of Hawaiʻi’s most diverse adaptive radiations.
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    Rediscoveries and Presumed Extinctions of Hawaiian Leaf-roller Moths (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae)
    ( 2023) Austin, Kyhl A. ; Rubinoff, Daniel
    Three species of endemic Hawaiian leaf-roller moths were rediscovered after a 90-year gap in collection records. Twenty-one other species are presumed extinct, with no collection records from the past 50 years. Remarks concerning the type localities of four species (Cydia chlorostola, C. gypsograpta, C. parapteryx, and Pararrhaptica leucostichas) described by Meyrick are given. A list of all described endemic Hawaiian Tortricidae is provided with corresponding years for when each species was last reliably seen or collected as well as the type locality (when known). For each species, we include a list of known or hypothesized host plants, which we hope will spur future rediscoveries and conservation efforts for this group which has, to date, been ignored in conservation planning.
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    Commercial Lure Comparison for Monitoring of Cryptophlebia spp. (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) Associated with Macadamia in Hawai‘i
    ( 2023-03-31)
    Cryptophlebia ombrodelta and C. illepida (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) are two key pests of macadamia in Hawai‘i. Current options for monitoring and management of these pests are limited. Male Cryptophlebia moth activity can be reliably monitored using sex pheromone lures, however current information on the relative attractiveness of commercial lures is lacking. Thus, we compared four commercially manufactured pheromone lures for attraction to the two Cryptophlebia species, relative to non-baited control. Two different trap colors were also assessed. The study was conducted at two commercial macadamia orchards located in Kea‘au and Kapa‘au, Hawai‘i from November 2021 to January 2022 using delta traps. Traps were deployed along the border of the orchard at each study location and serviced weekly. At both sites, 58–94% of captured moths were male C. ombrodelta, while only 1–28% were male C. illepida. In Kea‘au, the PHEROCON MNB lure was most attractive to C. ombrodelta, followed by the PHEROCON OFM Combo Dual lure, while C. ombrodelta captures in the other lures did not vary from that of the non-baited control. Similarly, in Kapa‘au, C. ombrodelta was most attracted to PHEROCON MNB lure and captures in other lures were equal to that of the control. In Kea‘au, C. illepida numbers were highest in traps baited with PHEROCON OFM L2 and OFM Combo Dual lures, followed by PHEROCON and Alpha Scents’ MNB lures. Trap color did not affect the capture rates of Cryptophlebia. Results suggest that commercially available lures can be used to effectively monitor these moth pests. Implications of the results to the development of research approaches to study Cryptophlebia ecology and management strategies are also discussed.