Pacific Science Volume 21, Number 3, 1967

Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://hdl.handle.net/10125/3328

Pacific Science is a quarterly publication devoted to the biological and physical sciences of the Pacific Region.

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Correction to Steele's Fungus populations in marine waters and coastal sands of the Hawaiian, Line, and Phoenix Islands
(University of Hawai'i Press, 1967-07)
Notes: Monobrachium parasitum, a One-Tentacled Hydroid, Collected at Vancouver Island
(University of Hawai'i Press, 1967-07) Campbell, Richard D.
Notes: Note on the Distribution of Euphausia eximia and E. gibboides in the Equatorial Pacific
(University of Hawai'i Press, 1967-07) Rogers, Claude
Herpetofauna of the Hawaiian Islands
(University of Hawai'i Press, 1967-07) Hunsaker, Don II; Breese, Paul
The Systematics of the Prickly Sculpin, Cottus asper Richardson, a Polytypic Species Part II. Studies on the Life History, with Especial Reference to Migration
(University of Hawai'i Press, 1967-07) Krejsa, Richard J.
The occurrence of a downstream spring migration of weakly-prickled Cottus asper in coastal streams is confirmed and documented. Successful intertidal spawning and incubation is followed by a pelagic larval stage of about one month. Metamorphosis occurs and the prejuveniles settle to the bottom to feed in the estuarine portion of the river. An upstream migration of adults precedes that of the young-of-the-year in late summer . During the non-migratory phase, prickly sculpins are located in the low gradient, low velocity portions of coastal streams. Densely-prickled Cottus asper living in distant inland waters , where access to the sea is almost impossible, undertake only local migratory movements. Densely prickled forms living in some inland lakes and streams relatively close to the sea, where access to the sea is open and relatively easy, do not migrate seaward but undertake only local movements to spawn in fresh water. The present study discusses differences in migratory behavior between "coastal" and "inland" prickly sculpins
Some Inorganic Constituents of the Muscles and Blood of the Oceanic Skipjack, Katsuwonus pelamis
(University of Hawai'i Press, 1967-07) Sather, Bryant T.; Rogers, Terence A.
The Benthic and Pelagic Habitats of the Red Crab, Pleuroncodes planipes
(University of Hawai'i Press, 1967-07) Boyd, Carl M.
The Ecology of Pelagic Amphipoda, I. Species Accounts, Vertical Zonation and Migration of Amphipoda from the Waters off Southern California
(University of Hawai'i Press, 1967-07) Brusca, Gary J.
Acoustical Behavior of the Menpachi, Myripristis berndti, in Hawaii
(University of Hawai'i Press, 1967-07) Salmon, Michael
The menpachi (Myripristis berndti) is found in aggregations inside caves and under ledges during the day in water more than 3 m deep. Diel tape recordings in these areas showed that the fish produced four types of sounds (knocks, growls, grunts, and staccatos), with no crepuscular peaks, from dawn to dusk. At night, when the fish scattered to feed, few sounds were detected. A fifth sound was produced when fish were hand-held. The sound-producing mechanism was determined by a series of ablation experiments on hand-held fish. It consisted of a pair of bilateral muscles attached to the skull anteriorly and the air bladder, the first two dorsal ribs, and the cleithrum bone posteriorly. Populations of 6-7 fish were maintained in the laboratory in large tanks with an artificial cave. They remained inside the cave during the day but swam actively throughout the tank at night. Brief chasing of a small fish by a larger, accompanied by knocking sounds, was frequently observed. Growl sounds were produced during more intense aggressive interactions between two fish of about the same size. There was no evidence of territoriality by members of any population. Few grunt or staccato sounds were produced when various species of nonpredatory fish were introduced among laboratory populations. Many of these sounds were elicited when moray eels were introduced. Sound playbacks to four populations from one of two speakers on either side of the cave elicited different responses depending on the sound tested. All fish immediately turned to and moved toward the experimental speaker when grunt or staccato sounds were played. Some fish briefly turned to the experimental speaker when knocks were emitted but none moved to the source. There was no detectable change in behavior when background noise was played back. Three fish tested in an aktograph showed increases in locomotory activity at night which corresponded with periods of nocturnal scattering and feeding in field populations. The acoustical system of the menpachi is compared with that of the longspine squirrelfish, Holocentrus rufus , an Atlantic species.
Branchial Muscles in Representatives of Five Eel Families
(University of Hawai'i Press, 1967-07) Nelson, Gareth J.
Distribution and Movements of Birds in the Bering and Chukchi Seas
(University of Hawai'i Press, 1967-07) Swartz, L.G.
Fungus Populations in Marine Waters and Coastal Sands of the Hawaiian, Line, and Phoenix Islands
(University of Hawai'i Press, 1967-07) Steele, Carol W.
Saprophytic and facultative parasitic fungi present in the coastal waters and adjacent pelagic areas of the Hawaiian Islands, and in coastal sands of the Hawaiian, Line, and Phoenix islands, were isolated by plating methods. Isolates from all areas sampled indicate that abundant and varied fungus populations do exist in these environments. The number of fungi obtained from the inshore neritic zone was seven times that obtained from the oceanic zone. The fungus Aureobasidium pullulans (De Bary) Arnaud was isolated repeatedly from oceanic waters. A comparison is made between the genera and the average number of isolates per liter of water known from the Atlantic Ocean with those found in this study of the Pacific Ocean. The number of fungi isolated from sand samples of the different islands ranged from 2 to 1,600 per gram. Species diversity was evident throughout the samples. The leeward Hawaiian islands had a higher average number of isolates per gram than any other island group. In conclusion the problems of defining a marine fungus are discussed.
A Study of the Source Mechanism of the Alaska Earthquake and Tsunami of March 27, 1964: Part II. Analysis of Rayleigh Wave
(University of Hawai'i Press, 1967-07) Furumoto, Augustine S.
The source mechanism of the Alaska earthquake of March 27, 1964 has been investigated by analyzing the Rayleigh wave recorded on the strain seismograph at Kipapa Station, Hawaii. The parameters that give the best fit to the observed data are: rupture length of 800 km, rupture velocity of 3 km/sec, and direction of rupture line of S30oW. The results of this analysis compare favorably with field data of elevation changes, with distribution of epicenters of aftershocks, and with the area of generation of the tsunami as obtained from sea-wave refraction diagrams.
A Study of the Source Mechanism of the Alaska Earthquake and Tsunami of March 27, 1964: Part 1. Water Waves
(University of Hawai'i Press, 1967-07) Pararas-Carayannis, George
The geologic history and the general geomorphology of the area affected by the March 27, 1964 Alaska earthquake are given . The tsunami-generating area is determined and the extent of crustal displacement and the limits of the areas of subsidence and uplift, as revealed by geologic evidence, are discussed. The dimensions of this tsunami-generating area, its volume of crustal displacement, and the energy associated with the tsunami are calculated. Wave activity within and outside the generating area and the possible generating mechanisms for the tsunami are discussed. A wave refraction diagram of the Alaska tsunami for the north Pacific Ocean area is presented in Figure 6.
21:3 Table of Contents - Pacific Science
(University of Hawai'i Press, 1967-07)

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