Pacific Science Volume 18, Number 2, 1964
Permanent URI for this collection
Pacific Science is a quarterly publication devoted to the biological and physical sciences of the Pacific Region.
Browse
Recent Submissions
Item Recent Observations on Neck Extensions in Folliculinids (Protozoa)(University of Hawai'i Press, 1964-04) Matthews, Donald C.Despite species variations , the process of folliculinid lorica formation is fundamentally similar (Penard, 1919; Andrews, 1923; Faure-Fremiet, 1932; Dewey, 1939; and Das, 1947). In all a motile, nonfeeding stage becomes attached, secretes a sac and neck, and gradually metamorphoses into a sessile feeding stage characterized by peristomal lobes.Item Generalized Titanomagnetite in Hawaiian Volcanic Rocks(University of Hawai'i Press, 1964-04) Katsura, TakashiA ferromagnetic oxide mineral with spinel structure was separated from Hawaiian volcanic rocks ranging from basalt to trachyte. The chemical compositions of all the specimens have been arranged on an oxygen reaction line, and can safely be interpreted as the result of a process of either oxidation or reduction of material with composition on or near this line. In the trachyte the mineral was found to be highly oxidized titanomagnemite. The composition of Hawaiian titanomagnetites is compared with that of titanomagnetites found in Japanese volcanic rocks belonging to the calc-alkali rock series.Item The Taxonomy of Polysiphonia in Hawaii(University of Hawai'i Press, 1964-04) Menez, Ernani G.An investigation of Polysiphonia collections from Oahu, Hawaii, Molokai, and Maui of the Hawaiian Islands has revealed the presence of seven species: Polysiphonia mollis Hook. & Harv., Polysiphonia pulvinata (Roth) J. Ag., Polysiphonia subtilissima Mont., Polysiphonia ferulacea Suhr., Polysiphonia yonakuniensis Segi, Polysiphonia flabellulata Harv., and Polysiphonia rhizoidea sp. nov. These seven species of Polysiphonia were recognized primarily by their morphological features. Some characteristics of Polysiphonia which have not been previously used by monographers but which appear to be important criteria for delimiting specific entities are discussed. One of these is the presence of more than one secondary pit connection between adjacent pericentral cells, a condition present in P. rhizoidea and P. yonakuniensis but not in the other 'species mentioned above. The other is the presence of multicellular rhizoids, a condition which was observed only in P. rhizoidea. Previously, authors have accepted the rhizoids of Polysiphonia as being unicellular.Item Some Aquatic Fungi Imperfecti from Hawaii(University of Hawai'i Press, 1964-04) Anastasiou, C.J.Item Identification of Leptocephalus acuticeps Regan as the Larva of the Eel Genus Avocettina(University of Hawai'i Press, 1964-04) Orton, Grace L.Regan (1916: 140, pI. 7, fig. 5) based the description of a distinctive new eel larva, Leptocephalus acuticeps, on a single 47-mm specimen from the South Atlantic. He did not attempt to allocate this larva within the eel classification, but D'Ancona (1928: 109) and Bertin (1936:7) assigned it to the Congridae. Although no additional specimens of 1. acuticeps appear to have been reported since the brief original description, Bertin re-examined the original larva and gave important supplementary information on it, and an additional illustration.Item Postlarval Scombroid Fishes of the Genera Acanthocybium, Nealotus, and Diplospinus from the Central Pacific Ocean(University of Hawai'i Press, 1964-04) Strasburg, Donald W.Exclusive of the mackerels and tunas, whose commercial importance has caused them to be studied extensively, the early life history of scombroid fishes is poorly known. This is particularly true of the families Gempylidae and Trichiuridae, even though they are the bases for fisheries in Australia , South Africa, Madeira, and parts of Asia. There is also a paucity of lifehistory information about the non-schooling Scombridae. This paper describes young stages of the scombroid Acanthocybium solandri (Cuvier and Valenciennes), the gempylid Nealotus tripes Johnson, and the trichiurid Diplospinus multistriatus Maul, all three belonging to monotypic genera. The first has a slight commercial importance (Iversen and Yoshida, 1957:370) , the others may be considered rare species of no commercial value.Item Occurrence of Two Species of Young Threadfin, Polydactylus opercularis and P. approximans, in the Offshore Waters of the Eastern Tropical Pacific Ocean(University of Hawai'i Press, 1964-04) Klawe, W.L.; Alverson, F.G.Item Redescription of Bolbella californica Allgen, 1951 (Enchelidiidae: Nematoda), with Notes on its Ecology off Southern California(University of Hawai'i Press, 1964-04) Jones, Gilbert F.Bolbella californica Allgen, 1951 (Enchelidiidae: Nematoda), the southern California species of the genus, is redescribed. A limited analysis based on 79 specimens is made of its intraspecific variation. As redescribed, B. californica may be distinguished from all other species of this genus by the number of esophageal bulbi, 9 to 10; no previously described species has more than 8 bulbi. B. californica was collected from 18 locations on the southern California mainland shelf, in the depth range of 5.5 to 9.1 m. Bottom sediments at these locations were variable.Item Polydora and Related Genera (Annelida, Polychaeta) from Eniwetok, Majuro, and Bikini Atolls, Marshall Islands(University of Hawai'i Press, 1964-04) Woodwick, Keith H.In a study of more than 250 specimens of spionid polychaetes collected at Eniwetok, Majuro, and Bikini atolls, Marshall Islands (1956 and 1957) five new and two known species were found. One of the species (T. spinosa) is the type for a new genus, Tripolydora, which is closely related to Polydora, Pseudopolydora, and Boccardia by virtue of its modified fifth segment. It is unusual in having branchiae on the fifth segment, and the hooded hooks are trifid and begin on Segment 9. The other new species are Pseudopolydora corallicola, Pseadopolydora pigmentata, and Polydora tridenticulata from coral material, and Pseudopolydora reisbi from areas of pollution. The known forms, Pseudopolydora antennata Claparede and Polydora armata Langerhans, are considered in reference to the literature. The ecologic and systematic positions of the seven species are discussedItem Reproduction in the Aggregating Sea Anemone, Anthopleura elegantissima(University of Hawai'i Press, 1964-04) Ford, Charles E Jr.From a sample of 240 specimens of the aggregating sea anemone, Anthopleura elegantissima, collected a few miles north of the Golden Gate, males and females were shown to be distributed as unisexual aggregations on the rocks. The degree of gonadal development was measured by taking the gonad index (the ratio of volume of gonads to wet weight of anemone) every month for nearly 2 years (1959 and 1960) . This showed an annual reproductive cycle, beginning in late fall or winter, and culminating in complete spawning of the population in late September. Measurements of ovarian egg size during 1959 and 1960 corresponded well with the cycle as expressed by the gonad index. Male and female cycles were not directly comparable on the basis of the gonad index, but identifiable males were observed over nearly the same periods as females, producing tailed sperm during the time when ovarian eggs were near their maximum size, and spawning at the same time.