Volume 25 – 1985 : Hawaiian Entomological Society

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    Life History and Feeding Behavior of Nephaspis amnicola Wingo
    (Hawaiian Entomological Society, 1985) Yoshida, Harvey A. ; Mau, Ronald F.L.
    The life history and feeding behavior of the coccinellid Nephaspis amnicola Wingo, were studied in the laboratory. Eggs hatched in an average of 6.9 days. The 1st, 2nd, 3rd, and 4th larval stages were completed in an average of 3.1, 2.3, 2.6, and 5.3 days, respectively. The pupal stage was completed in an average of 6.2 days. Adult longevity varied greatly; males and females lived for an average of 349 and 162 days, respectively. Each female laid an average of 212 eggs, and the ovipositional period was 131 days. Prey-finding by larvae and adults depended upon chance contact. Feeding was by extraction and regurgitation.
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    Status of Three Pestiferous Fruit Fly (Diptera: Tephritidae) Populations on Kauai Following Hurricane Iwa
    (Hawaiian Entomological Society, 1985) Williamson, D.L. ; Vargas, R.I. ; Harris, E.J.
    The eye of Hurricane Iwa surrounded by cyclonic winds of 144 km/h and gusts up to 176 km/h passed within 32 km of Niihau and Kauai on Nov. 23, 1982. Upper story vegetation was heavily damaged over large portions of Kauai with pronounced impact on some fauna. Fruit fly surveys had been conducted over a period of nearly 5 years prior to the hurricane to establish distribution and seasonality of the oriental fruit fly, Dacus donate Hendel, the melon fly, D. cucurbitae Coquillett, and the Mediterranean fruit fly, Ceratitis capitata (Wiedemann). This baseline information provided the impetus for assessing the ecological implications the hurricane may have had on numbers of adults present up to the fifth week following the hurricane. Both the oriental fruit fly and melon fly occupied dense vegetation sites that provided protection to habitat and host plants. Also, populations were sufficiently distributed and abundant to sustain the highest percentage reduction in numbers. Medfly, in contrast, was not captured in the island peripheral habitats and storm damage appeared to have impacted most on this species. While oriental fruit fly was trapped at the rate of hundreds/trap/day and melon fly in tens, no medflies were captured using both Jackson and McPhail traps in a concerted effort. Medfly likely was reduced to a low remnant population in isolated pockets of inland host material such as feral coffee and guava that were protected from strongest winds.
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    Through the Looking Glass: the Hawaiian Entomological Society
    (Hawaiian Entomological Society, 1985) Tenorio, JoAnn M.
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    Biology of the Fiery Skipper, Hylephila phyleus (Lepidoptera: Hesperiidae), a Turfgrass Pest in Hawaii
    (Hawaiian Entomological Society, 1985) Tashiro, H. ; Mitchell, W.C.
    Field collected females of the fiery skipper, Hylephila phyleus (Drury), oviposited almost immediately when placed in a screen cage 24 * 24 x 24 cm and held in the greenhouse under natural daylight at diurnal temperatures of 26.S to 3S.0°C. Oviposition medium was closely cut FB-137 bermudagrass, Cynodon spp. More than 60% of the eggs, deposited singly, were placed on the lower surface of blades. There were no sexual differences in larval size or developmental rate. Laboratory reared females began ovipositing on the third day following eclosion peaking during the fifth through the ninth day. Laboratory reared females produced more viable eggs when held in a 61 * 99 * 66 cm cage than in a 24 x 24 x 24 cm cage, indicating a possible need for greater flight activities for normal reproductive development.
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    Two New Eye Color Mutants in the Mediterranean Fruit Fly, Ceratitis capitata
    (Hawaiian Entomological Society, 1985) Saul, Stephen H.
    Two new eye color mutants are described in the Mediterranean fruit fly, Ceratitis capitata (Wiedemann). Light eye (It) is an autosomal recessive gene linked to the previously described double chaetae (dc) locus. Purple eye (Pr) is an autosomal dominant and segregates independently from dc and ft. Pr is the first mutant described in this species which is dominant in expression.
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    Hawaiian Aleyrodidae
    (Hawaiian Entomological Society, 1985) Paulson, Gregory S. ; Kumashiro, Bernarr R.
    A key to the 18 species of Aleyrodidae known lo occur in Hawaii is presented with accompanying photographs. Each species is listed under its currently accepted name followed by the author and reference in which it was lint described, the date of establishment in Hawaii, worldwide distribution, natural enemies recorded in Hawaii, and a description.
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    Observations on Some Aspects of the Biology of Cyrtorhinus lividipennis Reuter (Heteroptera: Miridae)
    (Hawaiian Entomological Society, 1985) Liquido, N.J. ; Nishida, T.
    The mirid predator Cyrtorhinus lividipennis was observed in the laboratory for eclosion, molting, mating, and egg deposition behavior. The nymphs, through peristalsis movement of the body, pushed the operculum outward. A bimodal molting rhythm was observed with peaks at 6:00-8:00 a.m. and 4:00-6:00 p.m. The sexually receptive adults communicated by visual signals and mated in opposed position. Eggs were usually laid either singly or in pairs in the upper surface of the midrib. The flight activity of C lividipennis was investigated in com fields and found to occur during sunrise and sunset periods.
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    Population Parameters of Cyrtorhinus lividipennis Reuter (Heteroptera: Miridae) Reared on Eggs of Natural and Factitious Prey
    (Hawaiian Entomological Society, 1985) Liquido, Nicanor J. ; Nishida, Toshiyuki
    The biology of Cyrtorhinus lividipennis was studied on its natural prey, Peregrinus maidis, and a factitious prey, Ceratitis capitata. The body dimensions of the predators fed on these two types of prey were equal. The duration of egg and nymphal instars were not significantly different; however, the longevity of adults fed on natural prey was much longer than those fed on the factitious prey. The fecundity of C. lividipennis on P. maidis and C capitata were identical. The predator had equal rates of increase when reared on the natural and factitious prey. Therefore, P. maidis and C capitata were equally suitable as prey of C. lividipennis, suggesting that C. capitata could be used as the prey in the mass rearing of C. lividipennis.
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    Introductions for Biological Control in Hawaii 1981 and 1982
    (Hawaiian Entomological Society, 1985) Lai, P.Y. ; Funasaki, G.Y.
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    A Brief History of Bubonic Plague in Hawaii
    (Hawaiian Entomological Society, 1985) Ikeda, James K.