Pacific Science Volume 21, Number 2, 1967

Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://hdl.handle.net/10125/3327

Pacific Science is a quarterly publication devoted to the biological and physical sciences of the Pacific Region.

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Soil-Vegetation Relationships in Hawaiian Kipukas
(University of Hawai'i Press, 1967-04) Mueller-Dombois, D.; Lamoureux, C.H.
Revision of the Genus Pandanus Stickman, Part 22. A New Species (Section Hombronia) from New Caledonia
(University of Hawai'i Press, 1967-04) St. John, Harold
Revision of the Genus Pandanus Stickman, Part 21. The Pandanus monticola Group in Queensland, Australia
(University of Hawai'i Press, 1967-04) St. John, Harold
The Planktonic Shrimp, Lucifer chacei sp. nov., (Sergestidae: Luciferinae), the Pacific Twin of the Atlantic Lucifer faxoni
(University of Hawai'i Press, 1967-04) Bowman, Thomas E.
Lucifer chacei sp. nov., closely related to the Atlantic L. faxoni and identified as the latter species by previous authors, is described and compared with L. faxoni. It is widely distributed in the tropical Pacific, and like L. faxoni inhabits coastal waters.
Observations on the Biology of the Lousefish, Phtheirichthys lineatus (Menzies)
(University of Hawai'i Press, 1967-04) Strasburg, Donald W.
Chromosomes of Some Opisthobranchiate Mollusks from Eniwetok Atoll, Western Pacific
(University of Hawai'i Press, 1967-04) Burch, J.B.; Natarajan, R.
Chromosome numbers are reported for nine species of opisthobranchiate mollusks from Eniwetok Atoll, Marshall Islands, western Pacific. In the Nudibranchia, both Dendrodoris nigra (Dendrodorididae) and Herviella mietta (Favorinida e) were found to have 13 bivalents during male meiosis. In the Anaspidea, Dolabrifera dolabrifera and Stylocheilus longicauda (Aplysiidae) both had 17 bivalents during male meiosis. In the Cephalaspidea, Haminoea linda and H. musetta (Atyidae) each had 17 pairs of chromosomes during male meiosis and Lathophthalmus smaragdinus and Smaragdinella calyculata (Smaragdinellidae) had 18 pairs. In the Soleolifera, Onchidella evelinae had 18 bivalents during male meiosis. The extreme conservativeness of chromosome numbers in opisthobranchiate mollusks is demonstrated by that fact that all 18 nudibranchs from 10 families studied so far have the single haploid chromosome number 13, and that 18 of the 21 species of the orders Entomotaeniata, Anaspidea, Cephalaspidea, and Sacoglossa have 17 pairs of chromosomes. The haploid number 18 is here reported for the first time for nonsoleoliferan opisthobranchiate mollusks. The more advanced, mostly fresh-water, order Basommatophora, in which the haploid number 18 is the basic number, may well have been derived from a taxon within or related to this cephalaspid superfamily (Philinacea).
The Systematics of the Prickly Sculpin, Cottus asper Richardson, a Polytypic Species: Part I. Synonymy, Nomenclatural History, and Distribution
(University of Hawai'i Press, 1967-04) Krejsa, Richard J.
The prickly sculpin, Cottus asper, is a geographically widespread, polytypic species characteristically represented by very prickly, nonmigratory, freshwater spawning " inland" forms, and less prickly, catadromous, brackish-water spawning "coastal" forms. Part I , the first contri bution in a series on the systematics of this species, presents a synonymy complete for the period 1836-1936, with a resume of the most important citations from 1936 to 1965. A nomenclatural history of the species is given. The distributional range is listed and also presented in illustration.
A New Siphonophora, Vogtia kuruae n. sp.
(University of Hawai'i Press, 1967-04) Alvarino, Angeles
The Growth of Arachnoides placenta (L.) (Echinoidea)
(University of Hawai'i Press, 1967-04) Hines, Judith; Kenny, Ron
Arachnoides placenta (L.) increases in diameter 7 mm during the first year, 4 mm during the second year, and 4 mm in the third year after metamorphosis. The relationship between diameter and weight of the test is approximately of cubic form. The spawning period in north Queensland probably is June to July, and the time of metamorphosis probably September. The growth characteristics are compared with other echinoid species.
On Some Gastrocotyline (Monogenoidean) Parasites of Indian Clupeoid Fishes, Including Three New Genera
(University of Hawai'i Press, 1967-04) Unnithan, R.V.
Seven species of monogenetic trematodes, including the two genotypes, Engraulicola forcepopenis George, 1961 and Engrauliscobina thrissocles (Tripathi, 1959), are recorded. All seven of these atypical gastrocotylines belong to the subfamily Gastrocotylinae s.s. and are parasitic on clupeoid fishes. Four species in the present collection, viz., Engraulicola microph aryngella sp. n., Engraulixenus malabaricus gen. et sp. n., Engrauliphila grex gen. et sp. n., and Engrauliscobina triaptella sp. n., were collected from fishes of the family Engraulidae, while an entirely new type, Pellonicola elongata gen. et sp. n., was obtained from Clupeidae. The tendency to unilateral inhibition of the clamp rows is incomplete in all these atypical gastrocotylines, and all are characterised primarily by their clamp structure. Diagnostic characters, with special reference to the haptor (its adhesive units or clamps and anchors), the male terminalia, vaginal complex, and other salient features which appear to be taxonomically important, are given for each species.
Studies in the Calcium and Phosphorus Metabolism of the Crab, Podophthalmus vigil (Fabricius)
(University of Hawai'i Press, 1967-04) Sather, Bryant T.
By employing modifications of the molt classification by Drach (1939) and Hiatt (1948), it was discovered in laboratory-maintained crabs (Podopbtbalmus vigil) that a partial desiccation occurred during proecdysis followed by a rehydration at the A stages. The inorganic and organic content of the carapace, mid-gut gland, gills, and muscles were followed during the molt cycle. The carapace had the greatest inorganic fluctuations. The mid-gut gland and muscle tended to increase in both organic and inorganic matter during premolt, suggesting that these organs may serve as reservoirs for these components. The calcium and total phosphorus constituents of these organs and of the blood were determined at the various molt stages. Fluctuations in the amounts of these two elements were observed in all sampled tissues. The storage of calcium in the mid-gut gland and muscles during premolt is discussed. Phosphorus was found to be stored in the digestive gland during postecdysis but not in proecdysis. The muscle also tended to store phosphorus during premolt. As P. vigil becomes older, i.e., larger, it is unable to resorb from the exoskeleton the same quantity of calcium, but it is able to recalcify the new exoskeleton to the same extent as does a smaller crab.
Pogonophora from the Northeastern Pacific: First Records from the Gulf of Tehuantepec, Mexico
(University of Hawai'i Press, 1967-04) Adegoke, Oluwafeyisola S.
A New Genus and Two New Species in the Families Volutidae and Turbinellidae (Mollusca: Gastropoda) from the Western Pacific
(University of Hawai'i Press, 1967-04) Rehder, Harald A.
Sigaluta pratasensis, new genus, new species, in the family Volutidae is described from the South China Sea, off Hong Kong. Phenacoptygma Dall, 1918 is removed from the Volutidae and placed in the synonymy of Surculina Dall, 1908, which in turn is removed from the Turridae and assigned to the Turbinellidae near Benthovoluta Kuroda and Habe, 1950, on the basis of its radula. It is pro posed that the families Turbinellidae (olim Xancidae) and Vasidae be of coordinate rank. A new species of Benthovoluta, B. gracilior, is described from the Sulu Sea, Philippines.
A Comparison of Euphausiid Shrimp Collections Made with a Micronekton Net and a One-Meter Plankton Net
(University of Hawai'i Press, 1967-04) Jerde, Charles W.
The Larval Development of the Crab, Cyclograpsus cinereus Dana, under Laboratory Conditions
(University of Hawai'i Press, 1967-04) Costlow, John D Jr.; Fagetti, Elda
Early Descriptions of larvae of the Grapsidae, based largely on material from the plankton and frequently limited to the first zoeal stage, suggested considerable uniformity in the morphological characteristics of larvae of this group of crabs (Hyman, 1924). Subsequent descriptions, based on plankton material as well as on material obtained from rearing the larvae In the laboratory, have served to point out certain differences which do exist in the larvae of this group (Aikawa, 1929; Hart, 1935). To date, however, a very limited number of larvae of crabs belonging to the family Grapsidae have been described.
Deep Cores of Oahu, Hawaii and Their Bearing on the Geologic History of the Central Pacific Basin
(University of Hawai'i Press, 1967-04) Stearns, Harold T.; Chamberlain, Theodore K.
In the Central Pacific Basin few studies of the earth's crust have been made, and those studies that have been undertaken have been mainly geophysical in nature: seismic, magnetic, heat flow, and gravity surveys. These geophysical data usually require for their correct interpretation some knowledge of the geologic properties of the crust, especially the upper crust; consequently, in order to supplement these geophysical data and for other more direct reasons, e.g., stratigraphic, palaeontologic, petrologic, etc., there has been for a long time a desire to take actual samples of the Central Pacific Basin crust. To realize this goal H.S. Ladd, J.I. Tracey, K.O. Emery, and others in the last twenty years have drilled several deep holes on Central Pacific islands. Unfortunately, the drilling techniques used did not allow the recovery of a core sample, so that actual lithologic sections of the upper crust were not obtained.
21:2 Table of Contents - Pacific Science
(University of Hawai'i Press, 1967-04)

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