Honors Projects for Human Resources

Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://hdl.handle.net/10125/33645

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Self-Acceptance and Childrearing Philosophy Preference: A Correlational Study of Parents of Pre-school Aged Children
(University of Hawaii at Manoa, 2014-09-26) Siu, Michael; Human Resources
A questionnaire survey was implemented in this study in order to determine if there existed a significant, positive relationship between the variables of self acceptance and childrearing philosophy preference. The subjects consisted of thirty-five parents from the Early School, a pre-school located near the campus of the University of Hawaii at Manoa. Entailed in this thesis are sections dealing with the concept of "self," the phenomenon of self-acceptance (and pertinent studies), and an introduction and description of three current models of socialization. A major question of this study was to explore the existence of a specific childrearing model whose premises afforded the possibility of facilitating an enhanced, optimum development of a positive self-concept in children. As an integral part of this investigative process, care was taken to identify those cluster of caring and nurturing parental qualities that may prove to be most beneficial for a child's physical, mental, and emotional well-being. Given the constraints of the research design, the following summarizes the significant results obtained in this study: 1.) There existed a significant tendency for those parents who revealed high attitudinal degrees of self-acceptance and acceptance of others (as measured by the Berger Self-Acceptance Scale, 1952), to have a corresponding preference for the Rogerian (child-centered) approach to childrearing. 2.) This study served to further substantiate previous studies claiming a significant, positive correlation between the variables of self-acceptance and acceptance of others (as measured by the Berger Self-Acceptance Scale, 1952). 3.) Among the respondents, there existed a significant, positive relationship between "self-acceptance" and ascending educational status. 4.) Finally, there existed a significant tendency for non-Caucasian ethnic groups to score higher on the Skinnerian (parent-centered) approach to childrearing.
Women and Work: Attitudes Towards the Employment of Married Women
(University of Hawaii at Manoa, 2014-09-26) Saracino, Marie; Human Resources
Women have always worked, but the employment of married women outside the home has generally been viewed with disfavor. According to societal ascriptions, the public world of work is the domain of men, while women's proper place is in the home. This division of labor between the sexes appears to be disintegrating as increasing numbers of women, including wives and mothers join the ranks of the paid labor force. The proportion of employed women has steadily increased over the years. In 1920, 23 percent of the entire female population were in the work force. This figure rose to 29 percent in 1940, and reached 43 percent in 1970. By the end of 1978, nearly half (49 percent) of all women aged 16 years and over were employed in the labor force (Hesse, 1979). Smith (1979) called the mass movement of women in the work force a "subtle revolution."
The Values of Elected Government Officials in the State of Hawaii
(University of Hawaii at Manoa, 2014-09-26) Rosehill, Linda; Human Resources
The purpose of this study was to determine the value priorities among the elected governement officials of the State of Hawaii and to investigate the effects of variables such as ethnicity, sex, age, education, and marital status upon these values. The Rokeach Value Survey and a demographic questionaire was sent to each individual. It was found that ethnicity played a major role in determining values. The value of "family security" indicates the great importance placed upon the family by local ethnic groups. Further, the values given priority reflected the affluent nature of the sample as well as their educational background.
Adlerian Education at Our Lady of Sorrows School and its Implications for Parent Education
(University of Hawaii at Manoa, 2014-09-26) Oyama, Lynn; Human Resources
Having attended public schools from kindergarten through four years of college, I was a bit apprehensive about student teaching in a private parochial school. How would I fit in? Would the fact that I am a Buddhist disappoint the people with whom I would work with for the next five months? How much of the stereotyped impressions I had of parochial schools were in fact, reality? The first day at our Lady of Sorrows found me cautious of jumping to conclusions. After all, I knew nothing about the school or its policies, having done all my previous observations in public schools. I was aware of my constant comparisons with D.O.E. schools and my experiences in school. Luckily, I was assigned to a very patient and understanding woman named Della Walsh, who took the time to acquaint me with the philosophy and practices of the school. After listening to a tape recording of the school philosophy, and about two weeks of long afternoon discussions, I was ready to begin. My first impression of utter chaos soon subsided. Beneath what seemed to be an excessive amount of activity, was an underlying sense of purpose and direction. What appeared to be at first, harsh and difficult for children to understand became so sensible… and logical.
A Comparison of Handicapped and NonHandicapped College Students on Physical Capability, Self-Esteem, and Locus of Control
(University of Hawaii at Manoa, 2014-09-26) Obatake, Mark; Human Resources
In the past, various investigations have been concerned with the effects of physical performance on psychological functioning. The problem was to generate concepts and meanings that would enable us to understand the relationship between physical and psychological variables. The present study will attempt to clarify this issue by, first, discussing briefly body image and schema and demonstrating the importance of physical movement for perceptual orientation. Second, the social environment and how it influences the development of perceptual awareness, and provides the individual with "meanings" which he uses in his feedback system, will be presented. And finally, the product which is created by these "meanings", a feeling of self-esteem or inferiority, will be discussed. The somato-psychological approach focuses on the individual's body and the perceptions drawn by its awareness. This perception of self is termed the body image. It is a subjective conceptualization of how we "see" ourselves, or more specifically, what we think our physical appearance is like. The emergence of the body image is closely associated with the development of the body schema, a spatial orientation that defines the boundaries of our physical selves. Movement is essential in the process of differentiating the body, or self, from the environment. On the molecular level, the human organism is highly specialized in gauging its own motion and utilizing it to determine its spatial orientation. Movement provides the individual with an internal structure to organize the localization of the body with respect to the environment. It also lays the foundation for the enactment of more complex behavioral movements and makes clearer the mode of perception.
Case Study of Selected Group Communication Methods and Techniques in Private Medical Research Laboratories
(University of Hawaii at Manoa, 2014-09-26) Murakami, Lynn; Human Resources
Much of the research and literature on human organizations and effectiveness of comnunication systems in organization, management and interpersonal systems (Thayer, 1968) have focused upon the development of manpower efficiency and output within the industrial and business setting (Herzberg, 1957; Hawthorne Studies Review, 1967). The degree to which all members are able to participate in objective and goal setting, to integrate in the work situation that motivates them to work together productively, cooperatively, and with economic, psychological, and social satisfactions (Davis, 1967) is the whole area of “human relations.” The primary basis of the development of a “human relations program” within any organization is the belief that the members will contribute to the effective and economical accomplishment of organization objectives. This would establish human satisfaction as a means to accomplish of organizational ends such as productivity, motivation, and profit. With respect to actual research, some studies have shown a positive relationship between satisfaction and output, but others have not (Flippo, 1971).
Knowledge of Image Consulting Services of a Selected Group of Female Graduate Students at the University of Hawaii
(University of Hawaii at Manoa, 2014-09-26) Mercer, Lynn; Dickson, Carol Ann; Human Resources
The purpose of the study was to identify the degree of knowledge among female Master of Business Administration students and Law students regarding image consulting services, to identify students likely to use the services of an image consultant, and to identify perceived wardrobe needs of the students. Thirty-three business students and fifty-three law students were surveyed. For each survey question, the actual number of responses was calculated for business and law respondents, then the total number of responses from both groups was calculated. Percentage distribution was then calculated in a similar manner for each question. In general, it was found that only a small percentage of the entire population surveyed had knowledge of the services of an image consultant. Respondents likely to use the services of an image consultant were those wishing to have help with their career appearance, help in determining appropriate clothes for career-related activities, or help in determining what styles looked best on their body type. Slightly more business students than law students seemed likely to use the services of an image consultant, yet more of the law respondents had actually used the services of an image consultant. Business respondents had less of an implied dress code, and therefore these women wanted help in determining appropriate clothes for their careers.
The Navy Alcohol Safety Action Program (NASAP): A Critical Analysis of an Effective Drug Education Program
(University of Hawaii at Manoa, 2014-09-26) Meagher, William; Human Resources
The Navy Alcohol Safety Action Program (NASAP) is promoted as an effective alcoholism prevention education program. As a facilitator for NASAP, I became interested in trying to determine why NASAP education is effective, when almost all other drug education programs are not. Accordingly, I decided to use my honors thesis as a vehicle to research the subject of drug education, and then try and focus on aspects of NASAP education that might account for its reported effectiveness. With this idea in mind, three goals for this thesis were developed. 1. To define the magnitude of the drug problem against which preventive education is directed. 2. To examine the effectiveness of past and present preventive education efforts. 3. To identify an instrument for assessing the effectiveness of NASAP education other than with measures or recidivism.
Examining Environmental Education and the "Quality of Life" Concept
(University of Hawaii at Manoa, 2014-09-26) Libed, Myrna; Human Resources
Each of us have been greeted by familiar words such as, “How is it?” or “Hi, how are you doing?” or “ How have you been?”. These greetings question our general well-being or happiness and are usually answered by statements like, “Fine thanks, and you?” or “Great!” and sometimes “Not so good, but I‘m hanging in there.”. Imagine, if people started greeting each other with, “Hi, how’s your quality of life?” or “Your quality of life been okay?”. How would you respond? You’d probably think awhile and maybe say, “Fine, thank-you” or “Good, what about you?” and maybe even “Not so great, but I’m hanging in there.” What do we mean when we talk about our “quality of life”? How do we define it and by what do we measure it by? Is there some way to improve upon it? The difficulty with the “quality of life” concept lies in agreeing on a set definition and naming a set of indicators to measure the concept. Quality means a “degree of excellence” or “inherent, enduring good traits that makes something superior”. How do we define and measure what is “good” and “excellent” in life? Each of us have basic needs to fulfill in life, yet we also have our own desires and wants in life that contribute to our different lifestyles. The meaning of “quality of life” becomes very personal and subjective because of our own values and attitudes affect our defining “quality of life”. Several of us would differ in the way we define “quality of life” because of our different standards and different perspectives.
Motivation Factors for the Utilization of Mass Transit
(University of Hawaii at Manoa, 2014-09-26) Lau, Lorraine; Meredith, Connie G.; Human Resources
Whether one considers it a personal problem or not, traffic congestion on Oahu is getting worse. The private automobile, the dominant mode of transportation in this rapidly growing urban area, requires more and more highways to accommodate it. This means less space available for offices in the Central Business District (CBD) as well as destruction of the natural environment. More highways mean more feeder streets and parking facilities where the trip terminates, usually at common points in the urban core. This tends to defeat the purpose of coming there at all: more space would be devoted for the trip over than for the purpose itself! The history of transportation on Oahu, where in 1970 over 80 percent of the state of Hawaii's population lived, (State, 1973b) followed the same pattern as in the rest of the United States. The technological development of the automobile has had a great effect in destroying the mass transit industry. Passenger car registrations have grown from the turn of the century, dipping only during the Depression and World War II. (Schneider, 1965) In Hawaii, the car population is growing at a rate three times faster than our human population. (Cleaner Air Week, 1973) The dynamic growth of automobile usage has convinced many planners that the future city will be dominated by the automobile simply because people have an overwhelming desire to travel in their own cars.
Female Leadership in the Pacific : An Indepth Study
(University of Hawaii at Manoa, 2014-09-26) Kobayashi, ClaireAnn; Human Resources
According to Deacon Ritterbush and Janice Pearson, "In most Pacific societies, women are -- and have always been a powerful force in the home and the community. They not only have primary responsibility for raising the children and managing the household but also provide important support for men in their political and professional endeavors." (Ritterbush and Pearson, 195). Even though the Pacific female holds much power and authority in the household, in professional work environments, she is restrained from occupying top leadership positions. This may be due to the traditional stereotypes held by both men and women of these Pacific cultures. This may be one of the major setbacks for women in this culture as it is in many others. It appears the men are the main economic and financial supporters of families, whereas women hold the decision making power within the household. The women decide how to allocate the finances and in addition, they dictate the educational paths of their children. There seems to be an inconsistency in the actual power these Pacific women have and in the manifestation of this power within the professional work environments.
Family Development Support Need and Potential Within Naval Community
(University of Hawaii at Manoa, 2014-09-26) Jones, Lois-Marie; Human Resources
Navy families are, first and foremost, American families. These families, like their civilian counterparts, have experienced social environmental pressures which have required that they change many of their long held attitudes and behavior patterns regarding family purpose, expectations and roles (Hunter cited in Orthner & Chandler, 1980). The military system was, until this century, for example, research indicates that while the first term recruits tend to be single, the majority of reenlistments are by married personnel. Indeed, 80% of those Navy personnel generally classified as career-oriented are married (Eyre, 1908). The families of these Navy personnel impact on military readiness and on sailors' commitment to naval careers. research has shown that the wife's attitude about the Navy lifestyle is the "crucial variable in the retention equation"--that is, the decision of both officers and enlisted personnel are strongly affected by her views (Final Report: Navy, 1978). These wives are less traditional than previous generations and they are less willing to subjugate family needs to military demands. This attitude, shared by more and more service members themselves, has required a reappraisal of the family's role in military policy.
Definition, Causes, and Treatment of Alzheimer's Disease
(University of Hawaii at Manoa, 2014-09-26) Johansen-Khan, Reidun; Human Resources
The elderly have become the fastest growing segment of the population in the United States over the past decade, and in the same period Alzheimer's Disease (AD), the most common form of dementia, has evolved as one of this country's major health problems. Currently, it is estimated that there are approximately one million severely demented persons and another three million mildly to moderately demented persons in the United States (Tower, 1987; Ringler, 1981). This illness has devastating effects on cognition, personality, and affect, and scientific evidence points out that the life expectancy of severely demented individuals is only one-third to one-half of age-matched controls, resulting in an annual mortality rate of at least 100,000 (Katzman, 1976). The economic and emotional strain of caring for patients with this disorder are enormous, but there has been little effort to assimilate scientific research findings to design a clinical care program that is effective.
Mechanical Ventilation of the Newborn: The therapeutic Interventions and Influences on the Life Process of the Neonate, a Discussion on Human Development
(University of Hawaii at Manoa, 2014-09-26) Iinuma, Gen; Human Resources
Karen Ann Quinlan is an example of the awesome determining influence that legal, medical and religious institutions have on the course of life and death of a human being. Tremendous advancements in medical technology have brought about a need to raise many questions about institutional intervention, whether by government, religion or medicine into the rights and freedoms of the individual. Now that we can, through technological processing sustain a human life artificially or by other "extraordinary" means, the act of dying must be carefully examined in order to clarify: (1) the need for such sustaining actions; (2) the potentials and limits of these actions; (3) the protocol ensuring utilization of available technology; (4) the ethical considerations in the implementation of these kinds of processes; and (5) the respect and dignity with which each individual is vested. In this presentation, an attempt is made to explore from a human development prospective (see Appendix A) the course of growth and development affecting neonates (the first 28 days of life) who are less than 28 in gestational age and less than 1500 grams in weight, and who require mechanical (assisted) ventilation and oxygen therapy at birth. It has been postulated that 28 weeks gestation is the minimum time for the physiological maturity of the lungs which is the anatomical structure responsible for respiration and whose development is a primary determiner if viability.
The Feminization of Poverty: Examination of Selected Factors Involving Women and Children
(University of Hawaii at Manoa, 2014-09-26) Callahan, Cathleen; Davidson, Dana; Human Resources
Single mothers and their children are at a distinct disadvantage in American society. These families are five times as likely to live below the poverty level than are married couple families (U.S. Bureau of the Census, 1985c). One-third of single mothers and over one-half of their children struggle to exist, officially classified as living below the poverty level. [The poverty threshold for a family of four in 1985 was $10,989 (U.S. Bureau of the Census, 1985c)]. Their numbers are increasing; in 1970, single mothers with children under 18 comprised 11.5% of all families; by 1985 they headed 23.2% of all families, or 7,737,000 households (U.S. Bureau of the Census, 1985a). As growing numbers of female-headed families slip into poverty, the Reagan administration has chosen to cut back aid to the poor, endorsing the attitude that increased public assistance leads to recipient dependency on the system and welfare fraud. Many taxpayers agree: Despite studies and reports going back twenty years or more, many sincere Americans believe that poor people, in the main, are able-bodied, lazy loafers, and that those 'on welfare' could work but would rather be freeloaders. Such beliefs are largely responsible for one of the most damaging effects of being on public assistance: loss of self-esteem. (Y.W.C.A., 1987, p.14)

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