Transcriptomic Changes in Broiler Chicken Hypothalamus Following Chronic Heat Stress
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2020
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University of Hawaii at Manoa
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Chronic heat stress induces severely detrimental effects on bird health by interfering
with numerous aspects of a bird’s health. One of the primary homeostasis-defending organs of
the body is surprisingly small given its integrative capacity and ability to effect multi-system,
dramatic downstream changes: the hypothalamus. RNA-Seq was used to identify the
differentially expressed genes (DEG) in the Chronic Heat Stress (CHS) group compared to the
Control. Ingenuity Pathway Analysis was performed on the DEG and used the identifiable DEG
to generate the most likely ontological pathways affected during CHS. The top up and
downregulated genes were then validated using quantitative Real-Time PCR (qPCR). RNA-Seq
identified “Nervous System Development and Function” as a top affected pathway, and three
significantly downregulated proteins (p ≤ 0.05, Fold Change ≤ -1.5) stood out: DCX, GAN, and
SPECC1L, all of which have been implicated in some aspect of cytoskeletal development or
organization within the CNS. qPCR found that separate treatment groups of DP and LA
antioxidants under CHS resulted in significantly elevated levels of SEMA and DAPK (p-values:
0.008 and 0.033, respectively). SEMA is associated with aiding proper growth in POMC neurons,
thus contributing to normal energy-related neuronal functioning. DAPK is associated with
programmed cell death and tumor suppression. While the downregulation of DCX, GAN, and
SPECC1L may compromise the hypothalamus, SEMA and DAPK seem to functionally be
protective measures against the molecular impacts of CHS. Thus, using RNA-Seq we identified
previously unstudied genes that appear to be implicated in the mediation of chronic heat stress
in the hypothalamus tissue.
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31 pages
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