Altitudinal Change in Plant Endemism, Species Turnover, and Diversity on Isla Santa Cruz, the Galapagos Islands
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1992-04
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University of Hawai'i Press
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Abstract
Vegetation zones of Isla Santa Cruz in the Galapagos Islands
range from the lowland dry zone, through transition and moist zones, to the
highland zone, reflecting the precipitation pattern. The zones are deflected
upward on the leeward north side, as compared with the windward south side.
The brown subzone and Miconia robinsoniana scrub of the moist zone are absent
on the north side. Zonation and species distribution patterns are also related to
altitude and substrate. Floristic and phytosociological endemisms for woody
species increase with higher altitude, while those of herbaceous species are low
in high elevations because of low endemism in pteridophytes. Species turnover
rate along the altitudinal gradient is three times higher on the windward
south side than on the leeward north side. Species diversity is low in Scalesia
pedunculata forest, where stand-level dieback has occurred as a consequence of
the species-poor constitution.
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Itow S. 1992. Altitudinal change in plant endemism, species turnover, and diversity on Isla Santa Cruz, the Galapagos Islands. Pac Sci 46(2): 251-268.
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