Review of the Dragonets (Pisces: Callionymidae) of the Hawaiian Islands, with Descriptions of Two New Species
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1999-04
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Abstract
Eight species of dragonets, family Callionymidae, are reported
from the Hawaiian Islands: Callionymus caeruleonotatus Gilbert, known from
12 specimens taken by trawling in 43-252 m, the male with the two middle
caudal rays greatly prolonged; C. comptus, a new species described from nine
Hawaiian specimens, 15.0-30.3 mm SL, characterized by eight soft dorsal and
seven anal rays, usually a small spinule on lower side of preopercular spine
(in addition to the antrorse spine at the base), and a color pattern of a narrow
midlateral yellow stripe edged in pale blue spots and overlaid with six brownish
orange blotches; C. decoratus (Gilbert), known to 208 mm SL, the male with a
caudal fin that may exceed the standard length; Draculo pogognathus (Gosline)
from shallow water in sand, unique in lacking a membrane connecting the inner
pelvic ray to the pectoral-fin base and in having a fringe of papillae on the
lower lip; Synchiropus corallinus (Gilbert) with a small cirrus on the eye, previously
classified in Callionymus, Paradiplogrammus, and Minisynchiropus, also
known from Japan and New Caledonia; S. kinmeiensis (Nakabo, Yamamoto
& Chen), a red species represented by 186 Hawaiian specimens, 56-136
mm SL, trawled from 220-532 m (previously misidentified as the Japanese
species S. altivelis); S. rosulentus, a small species (largest, 21.5 mm SL) described
as new from 20 specimens from the Hawaiian Islands and Johnston
Island (it is one of a complex of six allopatric species, the males of which have
the first dorsal fin about twice the height of the second dorsal and two small elliptical
jet black spots above the base of each pelvic fin); and S. rubrovinctus
Gilbert, known from three male specimens, 14.2-19.5 mm SL, trawled from
51.5-79 m between Maui and Uina'i, and one female specimen, 21.5 mm SL,
collected in a tide pool at Izu Peninsula, Japan; both sexes are characterized
by a long filamentous first dorsal spine and three broad red bars dorsally on
the body.
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Randall JE. 1999. Review of the dragonets (Pisces: Callionymidae) of the Hawaiian Islands, with descriptions of two new species. Pac Sci 53(2): 185-207.
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