Records of Lead and Other Heavy Metal Inputs to Sediments of the Ala Wai Canal, O'ahu, Hawai'i
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1995-10
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University of Hawaii Press
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Abstract
In this paper we present depth profiles of selected transition
metals and major constituents in four sediment cores recovered from the Ala
Wai Canal, a small drainage estuary in Honolulu, Hawai'i. Our study documents
the advent, increase in use, and subsequent phasing out of Pb-alkyl fuel
additives in Honolulu over the past 60 yr. Sedimentary Pb concentrations
increase from < 10 ppm in the oldest (deepest) portions of the cores to a
maximum of about 750 ppm in sediments corresponding to the mid-1970s;
subsequently Pb contents decrease to a range of 100-300 ppm in the most
recent deposits. Other metals, including Cd, Cu, and Zn, reveal patterns that
are also consistent with an increasing flux of metals to the sediments attributable
to anthropogenic inputs. However, unlike Pb, these metals do not exhibit
clear maxima in sediments deposited during the mid-1970s. Rather, there
appears to be a continued input of these metals from the watershed likely
associated with ever-increasing anthropogenic activity in Honolulu. Approximately
25-75%, depending on the depth within the core, of the Cu and Zn
contents of the sediments can be attributed to natural inputs of soils formed by
weathering of the O'ahu volcanic edifices. Elements such as Co and Ni are
found in concentration ranges consistent with the dominant mineralogy of the
sediments and do not appear to exhibit an anthropogenic signal.
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De Carlo EH, Spencer KJ. 1995. Records of lead and other heavy metal inputs to sediments of the Ala Wai Canal, O'ahu, Hawai'i. Pac Sci 49(4): 471-491.
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