Location-Based Service and Location-Contextualizing Service: Conceptualizing the Co-creation of Value with Location Information

Abstract

Location-Based Service (LBS) is an established concept and enables providers and customers to co-create value-in-use, building on location information on humans or mobile objects. LBS, however, is not the only way to co-create value by using location information, as LBS does not target immovable objects, such as infrastructure. Informed by a literature review, we set out to conceptualize Location-Contextualizing Service (LCS) as a class of service complementing LBS. LCS focuses on improving existing service, based on enabling users with static positions to contextualize and analyze data on immovable objects. We describe the conceptual properties of LCS vis- ́a-vis LBS and outline why we see Geographic Information System (GIS) as a crucial class of systems to enable LCS. We discuss why LCS highlights new aspects and shifts research priorities that constitute the LBS and GIS fields today.