The Comparison of the Performance of the SNAP ELISA and Zinc Sulfate Centrifugation Tests in Detecting Giardia duodenalis in Recently Imported Dogs to Hawaiʻi
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2016-05
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University of Hawaii at Manoa
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INTRODUCTION: Giardia duodenalis is an internal protozoan parasite that can infect a variety of mammals, including humans, domestic animals and wildlife. There are eight known genetic assemblages (A-H) of G. duodenalis, with assemblages A and B found in both humans and dogs, and C and D specifically in dogs. Giardiasis is the clinical disease caused by infection with G. duodenalis, and is typically, but not always, accompanied by diarrhea. Approximately 1,000 dogs arrive annually into the State of Hawaiʻi through the Animal Quarantine Station (AQS) and a zinc sulfate centrifugation test is performed to screen for intestinal parasites, including G. duodenalis. The genetic types of the Giardia strains entering Hawaiʻi have not been previously determined. METHODS: The zinc sulfate centrifugation test and the IDEXX Giardia SNAP ELISA test were performed on fecal samples collected within three days of the dogs’ arrival at the Hālawa AQS. RESULTS: This study found that 11/97 of the dogs used in this study arrived at AQS with Giardia duodenalis (assemblages C or D). Discordance between the SNAP ELISA test and zinc sulfate centrifugation test was v 0.545. Overall, there was a concordance rate of 0.938 between the two tests. DISCUSSION: Giardia duodenalis Assemblages C and D are not zoonotic, so the zoonotic potential of Giardia carried by dogs in Hawaiʻi is low. The high concordance rate of the zinc sulfate centrifugation test indicates that there is a satisfactory detection of Giardia cysts by the Hawaiʻi Department of Agriculture Veterinary Laboratory microbiologists.
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Canine, Giardia, protozoa
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47 pages
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