Feeding, Reproduction, and Sense Organs of the Hawaiian Anchialine Shrimp Halocaridina rubra (Atyidae)
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1993-10
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University of Hawaii Press
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Abstract
The Hawaiian endemic shrimp Halocaridina ruhra Holthuis currently
inhabits anchialine pools on Maui, Kaho'olawe, O'ahu, Moloka'i, and
Hawai'i islands. Information is presented on the feeding, reproductive, and
sensory biology of these shrimp. Feeding cheliped setae are of two types, serrated
setae that scrape the substrate surface and filamentous setae that collect the
loosened food materials or act as filters. The shrimp are primarily microphagous
grazers that scrape the surface of the algal-cyanobacterial crust on pool substrates.
This grazing activity is essential in maintaining the integrity of the crust,
an actively growing matrix of plants, bacteria, diatoms, protozoans, and underlying
siliceous and carbonate materials. Filter feeding is only observed in pools
with dense phytoplankton blooms. The first and second pleopods of male and
female shrimp are illustrated, and reproduction in captive populations from
Hawai'i and O'ahu locations is described. Sense organs examined include the
eye, aesthetasc hairs, campaniform sensilla, ringed setae, and abdominal pits
with flared setae. The anchialine shrimp H. ruhra appears to be a generalist, feeds
as a microphagous grazer or filter feeder, is well adapted to the epigeal-hypogeal
habitat in the pools, reproduces in the subterranean portion of the habitat, and
is equipped with sensory structures that detect motion and chemical changes
in the environment. Survival of this endemic species is dependent upon the
continued integrity of its habitat, which is unique and sparsely represented on
five of the eight high Hawaiian Islands.
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Bailey-Brock JH, Brock RE. 1993. Feeding, reproduction, and sense organs of the Hawaiian anchialine shrimp Halocaridina rubra (Atyidae). Pac Sci 47(4): 338-355.
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