Evolutionary Dynamics of Behavioral Divergence among Populations of the Hawaiian Cave-dwelling Planthopper Oliarus polyphemus (Homoptera: Fulgoroidea: Cixiidae)
Evolutionary Dynamics of Behavioral Divergence among Populations of the Hawaiian Cave-dwelling Planthopper Oliarus polyphemus (Homoptera: Fulgoroidea: Cixiidae)
Date
1993-10
Authors
Hoch, Hannelore
Howarth, Francis G.
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University of Hawaii Press
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Abstract
The cixiid genus Oliarus has undergone extensive adaptive radiation
on the Hawaiian Islands, with 80 described endemic species descending
from an initial successful colonization by a single ancestral species. In Hawaiian
Oliarus, however, adaptive radiation is not restricted to surface habitats. Several
evolutionary lines have invaded lava tubes independently on the islands of
Molokai, Maui, and Hawaii. Populations of one of the cave invasions on
the island of Hawaii, the blind, flightless, and pigmentless species Oliarus
polyphemus Fennah, have been found in numerous lava tubes within four of
the five volcanoes on the island. Recent investigations on mating behavior,
especially the analysis of the substrate-borne courtship signals of several O. polyphemus populations, revealed a high degree of divergence: the signals of all
seven cave populations studied differ significantly. Because these signals serve
formate recognition within species of planthoppers, we regard the O.polyphemus
populations studied to be reproductively isolated (i.e., representing separate
biological species). Hypotheses to explain this high degree of divergence among
O. polyphemus populations are discussed.
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Hoch H, Howarth FG. 1993. Evolutionary dynamics of behavioral divergence among populations of the Hawaiian cave-dwelling planthopper Oliarus polyphemus (Homoptera: Fulgoroidea: Cixiidae). Pac Sci 47(4): 303-318.
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