Personal Health and Wellness Management with Technologies
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ItemA Web-Based Medical Text Simplification Tool( 2020-01-07)With the increasing demand for improved health literacy, better tools are needed to produce personalized health information efficiently that is readable and understandable by the patient. In this paper, we introduce a web-based text simplification tool that helps content-producers simplify existing text materials to make them more broadly accessible. The tool uses features that provide concrete suggestions and all features have been shown individually to improve the understandability of text in previous research. We provide an overview of the tool along with a quantitative analysis of the impact on medical texts. On a medical corpus, the tool provides good coverage with suggestions on over a third of the words and over a third of the sentences. These suggestions are over 40% accurate, though the accuracy varies by text source.
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ItemExploring the Possibility of Virtual Reality Exergaming as a Cognitive Screening System( 2020-01-07)Regular screening is important for early detection of cognitive impairment. Standard cognitive screening tests can be time consuming and tedious. Individuals at risk of cognitive decline should be doing regular exercise, and Virtual Reality (VR) exergames are one way to motivate them to do so. If these exergames can include non-obtrusive cognitive tests, then users can be regularly screened without it being such a tedious process. However, exergaming and VR might threaten the validity of these tests. This paper investigates whether this is likely to be the case and discusses some practical concerns around this approach of screening for cognitive decline. The results of this study suggest that standard cognitive tests are not rendered invalid in VR exergaming. However, more work is needed to investigate the effects of integrating tests into gameplay elements.
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ItemObjective Measurement of Physician Stress in the Emergency Department Using a Wearable Sensor( 2020-01-07)Physician stress, and resultant consequences such as burnout, have become increasingly recognized pervasive problems, particularly within the specialty of Emergency Medicine. Stress is difficult to measure objectively, and research predominantly relies on self-reported measures. The present study aims to characterize digital biomarkers of stress as detected by a wearable sensor among Emergency Medicine physicians. Physiologic data was continuously collected using a wearable sensor during clinical work in the emergency department, and participants were asked to self-identify episodes of stress. Machine learning algorithms were used to classify self-reported episodes of stress. Comparing baseline sensor data to data in the 20-minute period preceding self-reported stress episodes demonstrated the highest prediction accuracy for stress. With further study, detection of stress via wearable sensors could be used to facilitate evidence-based stress research and just-in-time interventions for emergency physicians and other high-stress professionals.
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ItemA Precision Post-Operative Wellness Monitoring Solution( 2020-01-07)Multiple orthogonal challenges around escalating costs and providing quality care plague healthcare delivery, especially in OECD countries. This research in progress paper addresses the post-operative discharge phase of the patient journey and proffers a technology enabled model that both supports a quality care experience post discharge but also prudent management to minimize costly unplanned readmissions and thereby subscribe to a value-based care paradigm. The chosen context is stoma patients but the solution can be easily generalized to other contexts. Next steps include the conducting of clinical trials to establish proof of concept, validity and usability.
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ItemSharing Personal Health and Fitness Data with Health Insurance Providers: An Empirical Study Considering Trust and Risk( 2020-01-07)Digital self-tracking with wearable devices and mobile applications is exceedingly popular. The arising data is not only crucial for individual use but also for parties of the healthcare segment. This paper focuses on German health insurance providers and their expanding call for clients’ personal health and fitness data in a highly complex and regulated environment. As clients need to be willing to share health-related information, an experimental study was conducted, consisting of different modes of reward-based insurance offerings. Trust and perceived risk were assessed as prominent psychological constructs, assessing participants’ willingness to share their personal information. Results show that examined factors such as company prominence or monetary incentives are scarcely influential. However, trust and perceived risk affect an individual’s willingness to share. Taking up the health insurance provider’s perspective, alternative aspects need to be considered to successfully gain consumer trust to collect the clients’ health and fitness information.
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ItemPatient Controlled, Privacy Preserving IoT Healthcare Data Sharing Framework( 2020-01-07)Healthcare data personally collected by individuals with wearable devices have become important sources of information for healthcare professionals and medical research worldwide. User-Generated Data (UGD) offers unique and sometimes fine-grained insight into the lived experiences and medical conditions of patients. The sensitive subject-matter of medical data can facilitate the exploitation and/or control of victims. Data collection in medical research therefore restricts access control over participant-data to the researchers. Therefore, cultivating trust with prospective participants concerned about the security of their medical data presents formidable challenges. Anonymization can allay such concerns, but at the cost of information loss. Moreover, such techniques cannot necessarily be applied on real-time streaming health data. In this paper, we aim to analyze the technical requirements to enable individuals to share their real-time wearable healthcare data with researchers without compromising privacy. An extension for delay-free anonymization techniques for real-time streaming health data is also proposed.
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ItemIdentifying Quality Factors for Self-Tracking Solutions: A Systematic Literature Review( 2020-01-07)Self-tracking solutions have become globally widespread, as they promise numerous advantages (e.g. improving health) to their users. Despite their benefits, such solutions are often abandoned due to quality issues. This phenomenon can also be observed for digitized products in general. As self-tracking solutions are hybrid products, combining digital and physical components, traditional domain-independent and abstract quality models like the prominent ISO 25000 standard seem to not cover quality in an appropriate way. We address these issues by answering the research question of which factors affect quality perceptions of different stakeholder groups when interacting in a wearable ecosystem. We use a systematic literature review based on a research protocol to identify and analyze 98 quality-influencing factors from 19 studies that we cluster in a map. The identified factors are compared to the ISO 25000 standard, showing that certain factors like hedonic motivation are unconsidered thoroughly in the existing standard.
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ItemA Review on Consumer Health Information Technology Research in IS( 2020-01-07)While there is a rapid growth in the application of consumer health information technology (CHIT), its growth as an area of interest in IS research is still relatively slow. While there is great potential for research in this area, knowledge barriers to conducting CHIT research do exist. These include a lack of a clear definition of CHIT and lack of knowledge on the current state of CHIT research in IS. To overcome these barriers, we offer a definition of CHIT and then use that definition, together with the IT artifact perspective, to conduct a thematic analysis of CHIT research in the IS domain. We find that CHIT research spans all five IT views but to different degrees: nominal, proxy, and tool views are the most widely used perspectives. Based on our analysis, we suggest future research directions to enrich understanding of CHIT.
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