 \documentclass[11pt, oneside]{book}   	% use "amsart" instead of "article" for AMSLaTeX format
 \usepackage{geometry}                		% See geometry.pdf to learn the layout options. There are lots.
 \geometry{letterpaper}                   		% ... or a4paper or a5paper or ... 
\usepackage{booktabs}
\usepackage{longtable}

 \begin{document}

 
 
 

 \chapter*{Interview with DI transcript}
  \begin{longtable}{llp{4in}}
\multicolumn{3}{l}{[BR1-28]}\\
1	&	Brad:	&	 Today is July 5th, 2017. The time is 11:07 AM. Location, Kolonia Pohnpei. OK, so start the interview. So, um, how old are you?	\\
2	&	DI:	&	18	\\
3	&	Brad:	&	 18?	\\
4	&	DI:	&	 Yep.	\\
5	&	Brad:	&	 Um, and, did you grow up on Pohnpei?	\\
6	&	DI:	&	 Yeah.	\\
7	&	Brad:	&	 And were you born here, or where were you born?	\\
8	&	DI:	&	 I was born in Pohnpei.	\\
9	&	Brad:	&	 Okay.	\\
10	&	DI:	&	 Born and raised in Pohnpei.	\\
11	&	Brad:	&	 Uh, and in what kousapw?	\\
12	&	DI:	&	 Uh, Paies.	\\
13	&	Brad:	&	 Paies, OK. Um, so how long have you lived here in Pohnpei?	\\
14	&	DI:	&	 18 years, yeah.	\\
15	&	Brad:	&	 18 year. Um, and have- have you ever traveled outside of Pohnpei?	\\
16	&	DI:	&	 Yeah, once. Family trip to Japan.	\\
17	&	Brad:	&	 To Japan?	\\
18	&	DI:	&	 Yeah, and I was-	\\
19	&	Brad:	&	 How long were you-	\\
20	&	DI:	&	 Uh, in fifth grade.	\\
21	&	Brad:	&	 OK.	\\
22	&	DI:	&	 Three weeks.	\\
23	&	Brad:	&	 Three weeks? Nice.	\\
24	&	DI:	&	 Yeah.	\\
25	&	Brad:	&	 How was it?	\\
26	&	DI:	&	 It was fun. But that time I was like small, so, I didn't get much souvenirs, I could.	\\
27	&	Brad:	&	 Oh, OK.	\\
28	&	DI:	&	@ yeah. It's Pohnpei, yeah.	\\
29	&	Brad:	&	 Nice. Um (.) So (.) Did you grow up speaking Pohnpeian, or what languages did you speak as a kid?	\\
30	&	DI:	&	 Uh, I grew up speaking in the Pohnpeian language, but when I went to school, I spoke mostly in English.	\\
31	&	Brad:	&	 OK.	\\
32	&	DI:	&	 `Cause I went to a private school. Calgary Christian Academy school.	\\
33	&	Brad:	&	 Oh, OK.	\\
34	&	DI:	&	 Uh, but sometimes, I speak Japanese with my dad.	\\
35	&	Brad:	&	 OK.	\\
36	&	DI:	&	 But he knows how to speak in Pohnpeian language, so we speak mostly in Pohnpeian.	\\
37	&	Brad:	&	 Oh, OK. Can he also speak in English, or (.)	\\
38	&	DI:	&	 Yeah, he speaks in English.	\\
39	&	Brad:	&	 OK. So, when- when you were in Japan, did you (.) What languages did you use there, on your trip? Did you use Japanese?	\\
40	&	DI:	&	 Pohnpeian, Pohnpeian.	\\
41	&	Brad:	&	 OK.	\\
42	&	DI:	&	 And also Japanese, but a little bit.	\\
43	&	Brad:	&	 OK.	\\
44	&	DI:	&	 @.	\\
45	&	Brad:	&	 OK. Um (.) So (.) You grew up speaking those languages. Um (.) What was it like when you went to school and had to speak English?	\\
46	&	DI:	&	 It was hard. It was funny, now that I think about how I used to talk, and I was speaking English, but it was (.) It's worth it, `cause nowadays, that's the only language (.) English is the only language that we can communicate with foreign countries, and also, that's mostly like the basic language all over the world right now.	\\
47	&	Brad:	&	 OK. Why do you think that is?	\\
48	&	DI:	&	 Because, I don't know, it's the only way to communicate with the other countries, and it's- it's easier than Pohnpeian language.	\\
49	&	Brad:	&	 OK. Why is it easier than Pohnpeian?	\\
50	&	DI:	&	 I don't know. Maybe because I grew up, uh, mostly speaking in the, like, English, so I can communicate more.	\\
51	&	Brad:	&	 OK.	\\
52	&	DI:	&	 Or, yeah (.) Talk about my feelings more in English than in Pohnpeian language.	\\
53	&	Brad:	&	 Yeah, why do you think that foreigners don't learn Pohnpeian, or like foreign countries don't-	\\
54	&	DI:	&	 Maybe it's tongue twisting and confusing for them.	\\
55	&	Brad:	&	 @ OK. OK. So (.) Can you speak any of the high language of- of Meing?	\\
56	&	DI:	&	 Meing? Yeah. Only some. Yeah, a little	\\
57	&	Brad:	&	 OK. Um (.) And how did you learn that?	\\
58	&	DI:	&	 I listened to my grandmother and like the older people here in Pohnpei.	\\
59	&	Brad:	&	 OK.	\\
60	&	DI:	&	 Yeah, they speak respectfully with one another when they see each other. They used Meing.	\\
61	&	Brad:	&	 OK.	\\
62	&	DI:	&	 Yeah.	\\
63	&	Brad:	&	 Uh, and what do you think about Meing? Is it (.)	\\
64	&	DI:	&	 It's really (.) That's like the best form of (.) Or way of talking with older people.	\\
65	&	Brad:	&	 OK.	\\
66	&	DI:	&	 And also, the high people. Like, the high status people, especially the Nahnmwarkis, and all. I think it's best that the younger kids, nowadays, should also learn Meing.	\\
67	&	Brad:	&	 OK.	\\
68	&	DI:	&	 Yeah.	\\
69	&	Brad:	&	 And how do you (.) How do you think they'll learn it? What's the best way to learn it?	\\
70	&	DI:	&	 From (.) From your parents. Your family.	\\
71	&	Brad:	&	 OK. Do you ever use it with any of your friends?	\\
72	&	DI:	&	 No. Friends we don't use it with. Like, these days, no. Nowadays, we never use it.	\\
73	&	Brad:	&	 OK. Do you ever use it with other people?	\\
74	&	DI:	&	 Um (.) Older people, yeah. But friends and other companions, no.	\\
75	&	Brad:	&	 OK. But you think it's a good thing to learn.	\\
76	&	DI:	&	 Yeah.	\\
77	&	Brad:	&	 OK.	\\
78	&	DI:	&	 It's a must for Pohnpeians.	\\
79	&	Brad:	&	 Mmm. Do you think you'll learn more of it?	\\
80	&	DI:	&	 Yeah. If I focus on it, and try to.	\\
81	&	Brad:	&	 OK. Cool. Do you think every (.) Like every Pohnpeian should learn it? Or is it-	\\
82	&	DI:	&	 Every Pohnpeian-	\\
83	&	Brad:	&	 Or is it like limited to only certain parts of the island?	\\
84	&	DI:	&	 No, every Pohnpeian should learn it.	\\
85	&	Brad:	&	 OK, cool. Um (.) So, do you think, um (.) People living in Pohnpei, should know Pohnpeian?	\\
86	&	DI:	&	 Yeah. They should, `cause they're Pohnpeian.	\\
87	&	Brad:	&	 Yeah.	\\
88	&	DI:	&	 But not every single one of them.	\\
89	&	Brad:	&	 OK.	\\
90	&	DI:	&	 Some might be from foreign countries, or the out- outer islands. They have their own languages, so if you're from Pohnpei, raised in Pohnpei, than you should know.	\\
91	&	Brad:	&	 OK. But if you're from outer islands?	\\
92	&	DI:	&	 Outer islands, they have their own language, so why should they learn Pohnpeian?	\\
93	&	Brad:	&	 OK. Should they know their own language?	\\
94	&	DI:	&	 Yeah.	\\
95	&	Brad:	&	 OK.	\\
96	&	DI:	&	 If you're from this island, you should know your own language. But if you want to learn Pohnpeian, another language, than it's up to them.	\\
97	&	Brad:	&	 OK. What about like Mehn wai coming here?	\\
98	&	DI:	&	 Well, if you (.) It's really up to them, `cause that's the only way to communicate with the islanders, if you're from the foreign-	\\
99	&	Brad:	&	 OK. Right, so you think it still would be good to know?	\\
100	&	DI:	&	 Yeah.	\\
101	&	Brad:	&	 It's still useful.	\\
102	&	DI:	&	 Yeah.	\\
103	&	Brad:	&	 Do you think it's still useful even in Kolonia?	\\
104	&	DI:	&	 Yeah. I (.) It is useful in Kolonia, `cause (.) Well, people (.) Many people in Kolonia, they speak in English nowadays, but-	\\
105	&	Brad:	&	 Mmm.	\\
106	&	DI:	&	 I think it's best if foreign people also learn.	\\
107	&	Brad:	&	 OK. Um (.) Why do you think English is used more in Kolonia these days?	\\
108	&	DI:	&	 Hmm. There are more (.) I don't know how I'm gonna explain it. It's `cause, uh, like Kolonia is more developed. It's more modern, like- like, there's a town here, and unlike the other, uh, municipalities, uh (.) This place is the only municipality that holds a strong, um (.) Picture of a foreign kind of town, or-	\\
109	&	Brad:	&	 OK.	\\
110	&	DI:	&	 Yeah. They have (.) It's more developed than the other principalities.	\\
111	&	Brad:	&	 OK. How do you define modern and developed?	\\
112	&	DI:	&	 OK. Uh (.) Modern and developed. It's like, they have more people like jobs here.	\\
113	&	Brad:	&	 Mmm.	\\
114	&	DI:	&	 So, they have to speak in English, so they learn English language, but in the other, uh, offices around the island, they don't speak in English. In town, many people use English.	\\
115	&	Brad:	&	 OK.	\\
116	&	DI:	&	 Yeah.	\\
117	&	Brad:	&	 Why do you think in the offices in other parts of the island, they don't speak English?	\\
118	&	DI:	&	 Well, mostly, it's because most of them are Pohnpeians, and they don't really (.)	\\
119	&	Brad:	&	 Mmm.	\\
120	&	DI:	&	 They don't have, uh, foreign people working with them, so they don't speak in English.	\\
121	&	Brad:	&	 OK.	\\
122	&	DI:	&	 Here, we have foreign people working with other Pohnpeians, so they have to speak English, like communicate using English.	\\
123	&	Brad:	&	 OK.	\\
124	&	DI:	&	 Most of the time.	\\
125	&	Brad:	&	 OK, cool. So (.) Do you think to be able to get a good job, like to get a job in Kolonia, or to get a job in Kolonia, what languages do you need?	\\
126	&	DI:	&	 English.	\\
127	&	Brad:	&	 English.	\\
128	&	DI:	&	 And Pohnpeian.	\\
129	&	Brad:	&	 And Pohnpeian. Can you get a job, a good job, with only Pohnpeian in Kolonia, do you think?	\\
130	&	DI:	&	 Mmm. (.) You can, but not (.) that (.) Well, as if you know, also know English.	\\
131	&	Brad:	&	 OK.	\\
132	&	DI:	&	 Yeah.	\\
133	&	Brad:	&	 OK. And then, so, in school, what language do you think they should teach people in- in, here in Pohnpei?	\\
134	&	DI:	&	 English, and also, Pohnpeian. Well, mostly, uh, the public schools here in Pohnpei, they already teach, uh, Pohnpeian, ever since they're like young, so, in the high schools, they use English most of the time. Mostly.	\\
135	&	Brad:	&	 OK. Do you think private schools should teach Pohnpeian?	\\
136	&	DI:	&	 Mmm. (.) No.	\\
137	&	Brad:	&	 Why not?	\\
138	&	DI:	&	 `Cause (.) They should focus more on the English language.	\\
139	&	Brad:	&	 Mmm.	\\
140	&	DI:	&	 `Cause the Pohnpeians, they live in Pohnpei, they can speak Pohnpeian language any time, but English, not that much.	\\
141	&	Brad:	&	 OK.	\\
142	&	DI:	&	 Yeah.	\\
143	&	Brad:	&	 Do you think it's important to learn, then like, how to write in Pohnpeian, like- like aca- school Pohnpeian, you know, like for government to write like in the formal way. And, is- is that an important thing to learn in school, or is that a thing that you should learn uh somewhere else?	\\
144	&	DI:	&	 It's important in school, yeah.	\\
145	&	Brad:	&	OK. Um (.) So, if you someday in the future have children, which may- may or may not happen, do you think that they should learn Pohnpeian? Is that an important thing?	\\
146	&	DI:	&	 Yeah, of course.	\\
147	&	Brad:	&	 @ why?	\\
148	&	DI:	&	 It's very important, `cause (.) Well, they should learn Pohnpeian language because they were born here, or (.) It's because I'm Pohnpeian.	\\
149	&	Brad:	&	 Yeah.	\\
150	&	DI:	&	 Yeah, personally, it's because I'm Pohnpeian, and I would want my kids to learn my language.	\\
151	&	Brad:	&	 Mmm.	\\
152	&	DI:	&	 Yeah.	\\
153	&	Brad:	&	 So, what if you (.) You know, you're going to college, and what if you get a job in Hawaii, or Guam, or US, or somewhere, um, and you have kids there? Is it still important for them to speak Pohnpeian, if they're not living in Pohnpei?	\\
154	&	DI:	&	 Even if they're not living in Pohnpei, I would still want them to speak in my language.	\\
155	&	Brad:	&	 OK.	\\
156	&	DI:	&	 Yeah, it's very important, `cause maybe we might (.) Who knows. We might come visit Pohnpei some other time. They can communicate with their relatives or (.)	\\
157	&	Brad:	&	 OK.	\\
158	&	DI:	&	 Yeah, their family here.	\\
159	&	Brad:	&	 OK. So (.) What if there were a Pohnpeian family, here, living in Pohnpei, and they decided, English is the best language to get a job, so therefore, I'm only going to speak English to my children, so they don't (.) The- the kids don't speak Pohnpeian. What do you think of that?	\\
160	&	DI:	&	 I would kind of disagree with that- that idea.	\\
161	&	Brad:	&	 OK.	\\
162	&	DI:	&	 `Cause it'll be (.) It's kind of sad how they are gonna like choose another language over their original language, forgetting about it, just because they need to learn the language for work or the future. It's not good to (.) It's like (.) That's like throwing away our culture, and who we are as islanders. Yeah.	\\
163	&	Brad:	&	 So, you would completely disagree?	\\
164	&	DI:	&	 I would completely disagree with that. I hope it doesn't happen though.	\\
165	&	Brad:	&	 Yeah @. OK.	\\
166	&	DI:	&	 Yeah.	\\
167	&	Brad:	&	 So, do you think young people also agree with you? Like people your age, like your friends and peers? And (.) Or do you think they would disagree with (.)	\\
168	&	DI:	&	 Maybe some will disagree, but I think most of them will also agree.	\\
169	&	Brad:	&	 OK.	\\
170	&	DI:	&	 Yeah.	\\
171	&	Brad:	&	 Do you speak in Pohnpeian with your friends, or do you speak in English, or (.)	\\
172	&	DI:	&	 Uh, I speak mostly Pohnpeian.	\\
173	&	Brad:	&	 OK.	\\
174	&	DI:	&	 Uh, but if they cannot speak English, I mean, Pohnpeian language, that's when I speak English.	\\
175	&	Brad:	&	 OK.	\\
176	&	DI:	&	 Yeah.	\\
177	&	Brad:	&	 And who are the friends that don't speak Pohnpeian?	\\
178	&	DI:	&	 CE.	\\
179	&	Brad:	&	 OK.	\\
180	&	DI:	&	 Yeah. Also, NAME.	\\
181	&	Brad:	&	 And, so why is it that they don't speak Pohnpeian, do you think?	\\
182	&	DI:	&	NAME just came to Pohnpei. He just moved to Pohnpei.	\\
183	&	Brad:	&	 OK.	\\
184	&	DI:	&	 So, he doesn't know the language. CE, she- she knows a little bit. She understand a little, but she doesn't really speak that much in Pohnpeian language.	\\
185	&	Brad:	&	 OK.	\\
186	&	DI:	&	 So, we just talk in English.	\\
187	&	Brad:	&	 OK. At school, what language do- did you use at OLM?	\\
188	&	DI:	&	 Mostly Pohnpeian language @.	\\
189	&	Brad:	&	 @.	\\
190	&	DI:	&	 `Cause all of them know how to speak.	\\
191	&	Brad:	&	 Mmm.	\\
192	&	DI:	&	 So (.)	\\
193	&	Brad:	&	 But in the class, you would use-	\\
194	&	DI:	&	 In the class, we would use English, in the class.	\\
195	&	Brad:	&	 OK, and did the teachers like it when you'd speak Pohnpeian?	\\
196	&	DI:	&	 No.	\\
197	&	Brad:	&	 And what'd they do?	\\
198	&	DI:	&	 We'd often get scolded.	\\
199	&	Brad:	&	 What would they say?	\\
200	&	DI:	&	 We'd get demerits.	\\
201	&	Brad:	&	 Really.	\\
202	&	DI:	&	 Or, we'd go to (.) We'd have detention.	\\
203	&	Brad:	&	 OK, what do you think of that?	\\
204	&	DI:	&	 Uh (.) I think it's good. It's a good idea we get.	\\
205	&	Brad:	&	 Why?	\\
206	&	DI:	&	 `Cause the main purpose we go to school at (.) like there, on OLM is so that we can learn English, improve our English skills, not Pohnpeian. Yeah.	\\
207	&	Brad:	&	 OK. Do you think there are people that would go to school there, and they'd learn English, and then, decide, since, you know, these people say speaking Pohnpeian is bad, maybe then, I'm not gonna speak Pohnpeian anymore. Do you think that'll happen?	\\
208	&	DI:	&	 Uh, no. I think that's impossible.	\\
209	&	Brad:	&	 OK, why's it impossible?	\\
210	&	DI:	&	 `Cause if you go to school, and then, there (.) You cannot just easily throw away (.) Like, decide to stop talking Pohnpeian that much. You're obviously gonna talk in English, speak in English, and then, after just a little while, and you start talking Pohnpeian language again. It's gonna be hard.	\\
211	&	Brad:	&	 OK. Do you know any Pohnpeians who don't speak Pohnpeian?	\\
212	&	DI:	&	 Yeah. Yeah.	\\
213	&	Brad:	&	 And how old are they? I mean, approximate (.) Like your age, younger, older?	\\
214	&	DI:	&	 Some are younger. Some are- are my age. I have relatives who cannot speak Pohnpeian language.	\\
215	&	Brad:	&	 And why's that?	\\
216	&	DI:	&	 I don't know. They mostly speak in English, in their family.	\\
217	&	Brad:	&	 Mmm.	\\
218	&	DI:	&	 Their mom is (.) She only speaks English.	\\
219	&	Brad:	&	 OK.	\\
220	&	DI:	&	 So, they all speak English.	\\
221	&	Brad:	&	 Did they grow up here, or they grow up in the US?	\\
222	&	DI:	&	 Yeah, they grew up here.	\\
223	&	Brad:	&	 Oh, OK. So, there are Pohnpeians that grew up here, and they only spoke English.	\\
224	&	DI:	&	 Spoke English.	\\
225	&	Brad:	&	 OK.	\\
226	&	DI:	&	 I think that's kind of related to, like, [inaudible 00:16:32].	\\
227	&	Brad:	&	 OK.	\\
228	&	DI:	&	 Yeah.	\\
229	&	Brad:	&	 And (.) What do you think of those relatives? Like, what does your family think of them?	\\
230	&	DI:	&	 Uh, we don't think much about it. It's just (.) It's sad, but we try to speak in Pohnpeian language with them, so (.) But they understand that they cannot speak.	\\
231	&	Brad:	&	 OK. But you still (.) get along, and (.)	\\
232	&	DI:	&	 Yeah, we still get along.	\\
233	&	Brad:	&	 OK @.	\\
234	&	DI:	&	As family.	\\
235	&	Brad:	&	 But, do you think it's harder for them to live in Pohnpei, because they don't speak Pohnpeian?	\\
236	&	DI:	&	 I don't know.	\\
237	&	Brad:	&	 OK.	\\
238	&	DI:	&	 Maybe.	\\
239	&	Brad:	&	Mmm. So, kind of related question is to be Pohnpeian, do you have to speak Pohnpeian? Like, can you be Pohnpeian without the language?	\\
240	&	DI:	&	 No, as long as you have the blood.	\\
241	&	Brad:	&	 That's all?	\\
242	&	DI:	&	 You- you're already Pohnpeian.	\\
243	&	Brad:	&	 OK.	\\
244	&	DI:	&	 But it would be, it would be better if you were to have evidence that you are Pohnpeian.	\\
245	&	Brad:	&	 @ OK, but you're still Pohnpeian, but it would be better if you could speak.	\\
246	&	DI:	&	 Yeah.	\\
247	&	Brad:	&	 So, what about someone who's not biologically Pohnpeian, but lives here and speaks Pohnpeian, and acts Pohnpeian? Are they Pohnpeian?	\\
248	&	DI:	&	 You can say that, but (.) Not originally from here.	\\
249	&	Brad:	&	 OK.	\\
250	&	DI:	&	 But, yeah, they can be called that, Pohnpeian, if they grew up here, and lived as an islander like the rest of us. Yeah, we can say that.	\\
251	&	Brad:	&	 Uh-huh. OK. Yep. What do you think about people from Pingelap, Mwoakilloa that when they speak Pohnpeian? What do you think of that?	\\
252	&	DI:	&	 It's good that they know how to speak.	\\
253	&	Brad:	&	 Mmm.	\\
254	&	DI:	&	 Our language. Also (.) As well as their language.	\\
255	&	Brad:	&	 Mmm.	\\
256	&	DI:	&	 I think it's- it's good.	\\
257	&	Brad:	&	 What if they lost their language and only spoke Pohnpeian, and- and English, but- but only like Pohnpeian was their main language?	\\
258	&	DI:	&	 Hmm (.) I don't mind.	\\
259	&	Brad:	&	 OK. Why?	\\
260	&	DI:	&	 `Cause they're still a part of the outer islands of Pohnpei, so why not?	\\
261	&	Brad:	&	 OK. OK. Is it important to teach things in their language, like in public schools, or is it better for them to learn Pohnpeian, like in Sokehs. Is it better for them to learn Pohnpeian, or better for them to have education in their language?	\\
262	&	DI:	&	 Uh (.) I think it's better to speak (.) Or learn Pohnpeian language in their schools too, so that they can (.) It's easier to communicate with other islanders.	\\
263	&	Brad:	&	 OK. Um (.) Can you tell if someone's from Pingelap?	\\
264	&	DI:	&	 Yeah.	\\
265	&	Brad:	&	 When they speak, uh, Pohnpeian?	\\
266	&	DI:	&	 @ yeah.	\\
267	&	Brad:	&	 How can you tell?	\\
268	&	DI:	&	 By the way they pronunciate, or the way they deliver their (.) The way they speak.	\\
269	&	Brad:	&	 OK.	\\
270	&	DI:	&	 Yeah.	\\
271	&	Brad:	&	 What- what comes to mind, when you hear them speaking Pohnpeian? You can tell, oh, you're from Pingelap?	\\
272	&	DI:	&	 Yeah. I say, ``OK, you're saying it the wrong way," or like, ``That's wrong," but yes. Sometimes, I get, uh (.) How do you say, um, overprotective of our own language. I want it to be like always right.	\\
273	&	Brad:	&	Uh-huh.	\\
274	&	DI:	&	 For other people to say that, `cause it kind of gets on my nerves when they say it in a different way, their language. Yeah, so-	\\
275	&	Brad:	&	 Yeah, so it sounds, it sounds bad?	\\
276	&	DI:	&	 It sounds not, yeah.	\\
277	&	Brad:	&	 Yeah.	\\
278	&	DI:	&	 It sounds bad @.	\\
279	&	Brad:	&	 What do other people say about that, too? Like, do they agree with you? Like other Pohnpeians?	\\
280	&	DI:	&	 Yeah. They agree. Most that I know. They agree.	\\
281	&	Brad:	&	 OK. And so, what do you (.) Do they ever tell the people, like Pingelap anything? Like, do they ever correct them, or (.)	\\
282	&	DI:	&	 Yeah. Mostly in school, uh, those, uh (.) We have other (.) We- we like have classmates from Mortlocks, and Mwokilese. We try to correct each other, but they say, ``Oh, no. The way I'm saying it is right," or, ``No, it's the way I'm saying it is right." We get into arguments sometimes, but we get over it.	\\
283	&	Brad:	&	 Do people ever make jokes about how people there (.) Do you know of any?	\\
284	&	DI:	&	 Yeah. I don't want to say.	\\
285	&	Brad:	&	 Why not? Is it bad?	\\
286	&	DI:	&	 No, it's (.) No, it- it's kind of disrespectful, so (.)	\\
287	&	Brad:	&	 Oh, OK. But, do a lot of people make those jokes, or- or is it looked down upon?	\\
288	&	DI:	&	 No, it's (.) Yeah, a lot of people make jokes, but-	\\
289	&	Brad:	&	 OK.	\\
290	&	DI:	&	 People or kids my age or teenagers now.	\\
291	&	Brad:	&	 Oh, OK.	\\
292	&	DI:	&	 Yeah.	\\
293	&	Brad:	&	 OK. Um (.) OK. Um (.) This is good. So (.) Do you know of Pohnpeians who would learn Pingelapese or Mwokilese or Mortlockese, or (.)	\\
294	&	DI:	&	 My mom is Pohnpeian but she knows how to speak in Mortlockese.	\\
295	&	Brad:	&	 OK.	\\
296	&	DI:	&	 She's also Mortlockese.	\\
297	&	Brad:	&	 OK.	\\
298	&	DI:	&	 Yeah. So, sometimes, when we meet our relatives from Mortlocks, they speak in Mortlockese, but I don't know what they're saying.	\\
299	&	Brad:	&	 OK, you cannot understand.	\\
300	&	DI:	&	 I cannot understand.	\\
301	&	Brad:	&	 OK. Um (.) So (.) With your family, then, you speak Pohnpeian, you said before, right?	\\
302	&	DI:	&	 Mmm.	\\
303	&	Brad:	&	 Uh, and with those relatives that don't speak Pohnpeian, you speak English. OK. What about elsewhere? You said in school, you speak Pohnpeian with your friends, but in class, you have to speak English. Um, and when you go up to the teacher to ask a question, what language do you use?	\\
304	&	DI:	&	 English.	\\
305	&	Brad:	&	 English. Always?	\\
306	&	DI:	&	 Always.	\\
307	&	Brad:	&	 OK. Even if they're Pohnpeian?	\\
308	&	DI:	&	 Uh, if they're (.) Yeah, English.	\\
309	&	Brad:	&	 OK.	\\
310	&	DI:	&	 If we speak our, uh, another language, she's gonna say, ``You have to speak in English."	\\
311	&	Brad:	&	 OK. Um (.) When you go to the store, what language do you speak?	\\
312	&	DI:	&	 Pohnpeian.	\\
313	&	Brad:	&	 Pohnpeian. Is there any time that you would speak English with a Pohnpeian, if- if they know Pohnpeian?	\\
314	&	DI:	&	 If they know Pohnpeian, might speak mostly Pohnpeian.	\\
315	&	Brad:	&	 OK.	\\
316	&	DI:	&	 But if they (.) Sometimes they mistake me as like a foreigner.	\\
317	&	Brad:	&	 Oh, OK.	\\
318	&	DI:	&	 Just `cause of my face.	\\
319	&	Brad:	&	 Yeah.	\\
320	&	DI:	&	 They speak English, and then, I just speak in English as well.	\\
321	&	Brad:	&	 Oh, OK.	\\
322	&	DI:	&	 Sometimes, I just speak in Pohnpeian, and they just like get shocked and awe.	\\
323	&	Brad:	&	 @.	\\
324	&	DI:	&	 I thought you were a- a Korean, or a, I don't know, Asian, so I didn't know.	\\
325	&	Brad:	&	 OK.	\\
326	&	DI:	&	 But I mostly speak in Pohnpeian.	\\
327	&	Brad:	&	 OK. Cool. Um (.) Do people often do that, like think that you're not from Pohnpei?	\\
328	&	DI:	&	 Yeah. Ever since I was, yeah. They would get really shocked if I speak in Pohnpeian language.	\\
329	&	Brad:	&	 OK.	\\
330	&	DI:	&	 Yeah.	\\
331	&	Brad:	&	 What do you feel about that?	\\
332	&	DI:	&	 It's- it's funny.	\\
333	&	Brad:	&	 OK.	\\
334	&	DI:	&	 It (.) I feel (.) I just feel happy, and kind of sad, at the same time, but it's funny in the end, `cause they don't know I know how to speak in Pohnpeian language. Sometimes, they talk behind my back, but I can like listen, and know what they're saying.	\\
335	&	Brad:	&	Uh-huh.	\\
336	&	DI:	&	 But they're talking about me, and I can hear it.	\\
337	&	Brad:	&	 OK. And why does it make you feel sad?	\\
338	&	DI:	&	 Well, `cause, uh, usually, people can know who's Pohnpeian and who's not.	\\
339	&	Brad:	&	 Mmm.	\\
340	&	DI:	&	 It makes me feel like I'm not Pohnpeian.	\\
341	&	Brad:	&	 Mmm.	\\
342	&	DI:	&	 Yeah. When they missed Pohnpeian.	\\
343	&	Brad:	&	 Do you feel Pohnpeian?	\\
344	&	DI:	&	 Yeah, I am.	\\
345	&	Brad:	&	 OK.	\\
346	&	DI:	&	 I am Pohnpeian. Despite the looks and all.	\\
347	&	Brad:	&	 Yeah, yeah. OK. Um (.) So, kind of slightly different topic. Um (.) So (.) I've heard Pohnpeian spoken by some people, and they use a lot of English words, and like, have you heard that as well?	\\
348	&	DI:	&	 Yeah, I sometimes speak like that.	\\
349	&	Brad:	&	 Do you have an example?	\\
350	&	DI:	&	 Uh (.) Oh (.) ((snaps)) openda wenihmwen	\\
351	&	Brad:	&	 OK.	\\
352	&	DI:	&	 That means (.) I used open.	\\
353	&	Brad:	&	 Mmm.	\\
354	&	DI:	&	 But that's an English word.	\\
355	&	Brad:	&	 Mmm. Um, so who tends to use more English, or is it just everyone?	\\
356	&	DI:	&	 Everyone.	\\
357	&	Brad:	&	 And what do you think about that?	\\
358	&	DI:	&	 Uh, I think we should learn the proper way of saying them, rather than using the frame language, English.	\\
359	&	Brad:	&	 Mmm.	\\
360	&	DI:	&	 Along with mixed with Pohnpeian language.	\\
361	&	Brad:	&	 OK. Why?	\\
362	&	DI:	&	 Uh (.) `Cause that way, we'll be practicing other languages, and it's not the real or proper way of speaking Pohnpeian language. Like, ``close the door," is klohs wenihmwen. But, then, it's actually ritingidi wenihmwen.	\\
363	&	Brad:	&	 Mmm.	\\
364	&	DI:	&	Ritingidi and klohs they're not even the same, so (.)	\\
365	&	Brad:	&	 Yeah, so why do you think people use English, then, instead of Pohnpeian.	\\
366	&	DI:	&	 I think they've gotten used to it.	\\
367	&	Brad:	&	 OK.	\\
368	&	DI:	&	 Mmm.	\\
369	&	Brad:	&	 From where?	\\
370	&	DI:	&	 I don't know. Ever since we were young, we often hear people say it, so we say it nowadays.	\\
371	&	Brad:	&	 OK. Is there a person or a place when you wouldn't use the English word, and you would, you know, pay attention to like actually using the Pohnpeian word?	\\
372	&	DI:	&	 Yeah, at, uh (.) Like (.) When we meet the Nahnwarki and all. Yeah, we use (.) We try to focus on our way of speaking in front of them. We use (.) We try to use Pohnpeian.	\\
373	&	Brad:	&	 OK. So, is using English words disrespectful, or not really?	\\
374	&	DI:	&	 It's not disrespectful, but it's improper.	\\
375	&	Brad:	&	 OK. OK. Are there other places where using English would be improper? The English words in Pohnpeian? Besides the Nahnwarki?	\\
376	&	DI:	&	 Besides the Nahnwarki is the people with high titles.	\\
377	&	Brad:	&	 Mmm.	\\
378	&	DI:	&	 Around the island.	\\
379	&	Brad:	&	 OK. What about other places like, um, if you were at church, would you use English words, or if you were (.) If someone was giving a speech or something?	\\
380	&	DI:	&	 Oh, you have to use Meing.	\\
381	&	Brad:	&	 OK. OK.	\\
382	&	DI:	&	 Not English. When delivering a speech, it's best to use like the proper way of saying, speaking.	\\
383	&	Brad:	&	 OK. But if you were just talking to your friends, it's no problem?	\\
384	&	DI:	&	 Just talking to our friends, or any of our relatives, then we can use it.	\\
385	&	Brad:	&	 Mmm. OK. Cool. So, do you think the Pohnpeian language is changing at all?	\\
386	&	DI:	&	 It is.	\\
387	&	Brad:	&	 How so?	\\
388	&	DI:	&	 People are adapting more, like they're just mixing English with, uh, Pohnpeian English, and then, ignoring the real or proper ways of talking, or speaking.	\\
389	&	Brad:	&	 OK. Who- who controls the proper way of speaking? Or who- who maintains that? Who keeps that? Or, what is the (.) Like, how do you know what's the proper way to speak Pohnpeian?	\\
390	&	DI:	&	 I don't know. Instincts? Well, we mostly, uh, learn from our grandparents, parents. They teach us.	\\
391	&	Brad:	&	 OK.	\\
392	&	DI:	&	 We know it, but we're (.) We don't use it that much.	\\
393	&	Brad:	&	 So, your grandparents, and the older people, they-	\\
394	&	DI:	&	 The older people-	\\
395	&	Brad:	&	 They have the proper way.	\\
396	&	DI:	&	 They have the proper way.	\\
397	&	Brad:	&	 And so, do (.) Like, do young people speak an improper way, or (.)	\\
398	&	DI:	&	 Improper way, mostly.	\\
399	&	Brad:	&	 OK. Um (.) So, do you like the change?	\\
400	&	DI:	&	 Although I am speaking some, like, speak that way sometimes, uh, yeah, I- I don't really like it.	\\
401	&	Brad:	&	 OK.	\\
402	&	DI:	&	 My, uh, mom always corrects me, if I speak it, like speak the wrong way.	\\
403	&	Brad:	&	 OK. Can you give me an example of the wrong way and the right way?	\\
404	&	DI:	&	Mmm. (.) ehh. (.) off-di dengkien (.) and then, she says, ``Wrong." It's koakuhndi dengkien.	\\
405	&	Brad:	&	 OK.	\\
406	&	DI:	&	 @ Yeah.	\\
407	&	Brad:	&	 OK. Um (.) What do you think about different versions of Pohnpeian, like (.) In- in Kitti, there's different ways of speaking than here in Kolonia.	\\
408	&	DI:	&	 Oh, yeah.	\\
409	&	Brad:	&	 What do you, what do you think about that difference?	\\
410	&	DI:	&	 Uh (.) Sometimes, I feel like competing with the other, like, compete and argue over who's pronunciation is right or correct, `cause Kitti, they say, ``oa," in. The other parts of the island say, ``eh." It feels, uh, as a (.) As a person from Kitti, I feel unique.	\\
411	&	Brad:	&	 OK.	\\
412	&	DI:	&	 But (.) It's actually the same.	\\
413	&	Brad:	&	 OK.	\\
414	&	DI:	&	 Yeah. Although, the pronunciation is just different.	\\
415	&	Brad:	&	 OK. But, you (.) So, you prefer to speak- speak it the Kitti way?	\\
416	&	DI:	&	 Yeah, the Kitti way.	\\
417	&	Brad:	&	 `Cause it makes you feel unique?	\\
418	&	DI:	&	 Yeah.	\\
419	&	Brad:	&	 OK.	\\
420	&	DI:	&	 Yeah. I grew up there, in Kitti, so I would want to be on the Kitti side.	\\
421	&	Brad:	&	 OK.	\\
422	&	DI:	&	 @ yeah, like (.)	\\
423	&	Brad:	&	 Do you, does it ever feel (.) Do you ever feel different or weird when you speak it in other parts of the island?	\\
424	&	DI:	&	 Yeah. When, yeah (.)	\\
425	&	Brad:	&	 @.	\\
426	&	DI:	&	 Especially, there is like (.) I have a lot of classmates, they say, ``eh."	\\
427	&	Brad:	&	 Mmm.	\\
428	&	DI:	&	 So, when we say, ``ah," they make fun of us.	\\
429	&	Brad:	&	 No.	\\
430	&	DI:	&	 We would make fun of each other, actually.	\\
431	&	Brad:	&	 OK.	\\
432	&	DI:	&	 But, in the end, we're still Pohnpeians, and it's just the pronunciations that are different.	\\
433	&	Brad:	&	 OK. Can you understand everyone else on the island?	\\
434	&	DI:	&	 Yeah.	\\
435	&	Brad:	&	 Is there anywhere that you can't understand? Any part of the island?	\\
436	&	DI:	&	 No.	\\
437	&	Brad:	&	 OK. Are there any other difference that you notice besides the- the ``eh," ``ah?"	\\
438	&	DI:	&	 Uh, no.	\\
439	&	Brad:	&	 OK. So, what do you think about the future of the Pohnpeian language? Like, 50, 100 years from now? What do you think it'll be like?	\\
440	&	DI:	&	 Uh, more mixed languages.	\\
441	&	Brad:	&	 OK. Mixed with English? OK.	\\
442	&	DI:	&	 English.	\\
443	&	Brad:	&	 Do you think people will still speak Pohnpeian?	\\
444	&	DI:	&	 It depends.	\\
445	&	Brad:	&	 OK, depends on what?	\\
446	&	DI:	&	 Depends on the people, whether they want to speak in (.) More on English or stay with their language, their own language.	\\
447	&	Brad:	&	 OK. But do you think there'll be more people that don't speak Pohnpeian, or do you think there'll be more people that speak it?	\\
448	&	DI:	&	 More people that speak Pohnpeian language?	\\
449	&	Brad:	&	 OK. Do you think there'll ever be a time when people don't speak Pohnpeian anymore?	\\
450	&	DI:	&	 That's possible, but I don't believe it.	\\
451	&	Brad:	&	 OK @. OK. Um (.) What do you think about, um, outsiders' view of Pohnpei? Like, the US government or the US embassy and other people in Australia, do you think (.) What do you think they want for like the Pohnpeian language?	\\
452	&	DI:	&	 What I think?	\\
453	&	Brad:	&	 Yeah.	\\
454	&	DI:	&	 They would want us to speak English.	\\
455	&	Brad:	&	 OK.	\\
456	&	DI:	&	 Yeah. That's about it.	\\
457	&	Brad:	&	 Do you think they would want you to not speak Pohnpeian?	\\
458	&	DI:	&	 No.	\\
459	&	Brad:	&	 Or, just (.) Everyone. They want everyone to speak English?	\\
460	&	DI:	&	 Yeah.	\\
461	&	Brad:	&	 OK. What do you think of that?	\\
462	&	DI:	&	 `Cause we're under the United States, or the US.	\\
463	&	Brad:	&	 Mmm.	\\
464	&	DI:	&	 So, they would want us to learn English.	\\
465	&	Brad:	&	 Yeah. Why do they want you to learn English?	\\
466	&	DI:	&	 So that we can have more opportunities to go out there, and like, to the US, and it'll be, uh, it's our own benefit. It's for our own benefits.	\\
467	&	Brad:	&	 OK.	\\
468	&	DI:	&	 Yeah.	\\
469	&	Brad:	&	 Not for, not (.) Does- does it benefit them as well, or only benefit you?	\\
470	&	DI:	&	 It'll also benefit them, because we actually learned something from the US.	\\
471	&	Brad:	&	 Mmm.	\\
472	&	DI:	&	 Uh, like their language, so that we can go and also, you know, help them, in return.	\\
473	&	Brad:	&	 Mmm.	\\
474	&	DI:	&	 Or work at their places, and-	\\
475	&	Brad:	&	 OK. But they don't have any like bad, think they're doing it like selfish reasons, or bad reasons, or only good reasons?	\\
476	&	DI:	&	 I don't know what it's in their minds.	\\
477	&	Brad:	&	 @ yeah. Yeah. Um (.) Just a couple more questions. Sorry, this is kind of long.	\\
478	&	DI:	&	 It's OK.	\\
479	&	Brad:	&	 Um (.) So (.) Do you ever listen to like news or get information about things that are happening around the island, or around the world?	\\
480	&	DI:	&	 No.	\\
481	&	Brad:	&	 OK.	\\
482	&	DI:	&	 Never. Oh, yeah (.) In radio, stuff. Yeah.	\\
483	&	Brad:	&	 OK. In radio stuff?	\\
484	&	DI:	&	 Only from the radio station, we learned about like (.) We gather information about who passed away, or that's about it.	\\
485	&	Brad:	&	 Yeah. Do you ever hear things about like- like the governor, or the president here, or anything?	\\
486	&	DI:	&	 No.	\\
487	&	Brad:	&	 OK. So, the radio, is that in (.) What language is that in?	\\
488	&	DI:	&	 Pohnpeian language.	\\
489	&	Brad:	&	 Pohnpeian. Mmm. OK. Is it really popular?	\\
490	&	DI:	&	 For those who listen to the radio.	\\
491	&	Brad:	&	 OK.	\\
492	&	DI:	&	 @.	\\
493	&	Brad:	&	 Do you think many people listen to the radio to hear about the news like that?	\\
494	&	DI:	&	 Uh (.) Not anymore. Not- not many. Not that many.	\\
495	&	Brad:	&	 OK. Um (.) So, I'm assuming you use Facebook.	\\
496	&	DI:	&	 Yeah.	\\
497	&	Brad:	&	 @ Um (.) And so, when you have friends that are Pohnpeian, right, so what language do you use on Facebook?	\\
498	&	DI:	&	 Pohnpeian language.	\\
499	&	Brad:	&	 Pohnpeian, OK. Do you ever use English on Facebook?	\\
500	&	DI:	&	 Yeah.	\\
501	&	Brad:	&	 So, when do you use English when you use Pohnpeian?	\\
502	&	DI:	&	 Actually, if- if my friend doesn't know how to speak in English, or doesn't know how to speak in Pohnpeian language, that's when I speak English. Sometimes I speak both, like just mixed.	\\
503	&	Brad:	&	 OK. OK. OK.	\\
504	&	DI:	&	 Yeah.	\\
505	&	Brad:	&	 Cool. Yeah, and so (.) Um (.) I'm assuming you also watch movies.	\\
506	&	DI:	&	Uh-huh.	\\
507	&	Brad:	&	 Or, like at home. What languages do you, do they tend to be in?	\\
508	&	DI:	&	 Uh, English. Mostly English.	\\
509	&	Brad:	&	 OK.	\\
510	&	DI:	&	 Sometimes, I watch Korean, so it's also Japanese.	\\
511	&	Brad:	&	 OK.	\\
512	&	DI:	&	 Also, Chinese.	\\
513	&	Brad:	&	 OK. Are there any movies or TV shows ever in Pohnpeian?	\\
514	&	DI:	&	 There was a TV show, but no.	\\
515	&	Brad:	&	 OK, so it's very rare.	\\
516	&	DI:	&	 Yeah, it's rare.	\\
517	&	Brad:	&	 OK, do you ever, uh, read books, or (.) Things like that?	\\
518	&	DI:	&	 No.	\\
519	&	Brad:	&	 OK.	\\
520	&	DI:	&	 Not the type to read a lot.	\\
521	&	Brad:	&	 OK. It's OK. Yeah. Cool. Yeah. Well, do you have any questions for me, or other things that you want to share about your experience with language or Pohnpei, or (.)	\\
522	&	DI:	&	 So far, I- I myself do not know that much (.) Like, the proper ways of speaking in the Pohnpeian language.	\\
523	&	Brad:	&	 Mmm.	\\
524	&	DI:	&	 But (.) I'll still learn.	\\
525	&	Brad:	&	 OK.	\\
526	&	DI:	&	 Yeah @.	\\
527	&	Brad:	&	 Cool. Well, thank you. This is good.	\\
528	&	DI:	&	 Thank you very much.	\\
\end{longtable}
\end{document}