Transcription 00:00:00.000 00:00:05.375 There we go, alright, you ready? Transcription 00:00:05.375 00:00:16.625 Okay. -Okay, so how would I say "I hugged my mother", like, physically hugged. Transcription 00:00:16.625 00:00:20.425 akuy ŋahəp Transcription 00:00:20.425 00:00:22.638 ŋahəp... -ŋahəp. -hinak. Transcription 00:00:22.638 00:00:28.675 hinak. H-I-N-A-K, hinak. -hinak. Transcription 00:00:28.675 00:00:30.650 akuy ŋahəp hinak. Transcription 00:00:30.650 00:00:35.263 Yeah, ŋahəp, it's N-G-A-H-E-P. Transcription 00:00:35.263 00:00:39.588 Mm, ŋahəp, um-hum, ŋahəp. Transcription 00:00:39.588 00:00:53.788 Okay, so then how about "my mother and father hugged each other"? Transcription 00:00:53.788 00:01:14.588 hinak dahin tamak ŋahəp bədəŋ dahawaʔ Transcription 00:01:14.588 00:01:31.488 -hinak dahin tamak ŋahəp [badəŋ]... -bədəŋ, B-E-D... -bədəŋ. -B-E-D-E-N-G, dahawaʔ. -dahawaʔ, okay, okay. Transcription 00:01:31.488 00:01:37.175 And would I be able to just say hinak dahin tamak ŋahəp? Transcription 00:01:37.175 00:01:39.788 Can. -You can? Okay. Transcription 00:01:39.788 00:01:43.388 The word, like, bədəŋ dahawaʔ, means like, each other. Transcription 00:01:43.388 00:02:07.363 Okay, yeah, okay. Okay. Transcription 00:02:07.363 00:02:16.325 How would I say "I pinched myself", like, actually, like pinch, like this. -Uh-huh. Transcription 00:02:16.325 00:02:20.875 Pinch... ŋitəl, akuy... Transcription 00:02:20.875 00:02:29.588 I pinched myself, akuy ŋitəl... Transcription 00:02:29.588 00:02:37.925 I pinched myself, akuy ŋitəl akuy səli, N-G-I-D-E-L. Transcription 00:02:37.925 00:02:41.413 akuy ŋitəl... -akuy Transcription 00:02:41.413 00:02:45.038 pətili, I pinched myself. Transcription 00:02:45.038 00:02:50.275 [bətili]? -pətili Transcription 00:02:50.275 00:02:57.638 We cut out for a second, can you just say that sentence for me one more time? Transcription 00:02:57.638 00:03:12.113 akuy ŋitəl, akuy... Wait, are you still working on dəp, D-E-P, akuy ŋitəl akuy dəp Transcription 00:03:12.113 00:03:18.438 Okay. -akuy ŋitəl akuy dəp Transcription 00:03:18.438 00:03:27.400 akuy ŋitəl akuy... -dəp. -dəp. Transcription 00:03:27.400 00:03:33.063 Okay. Transcription 00:03:33.063 00:03:36.075 So then how about "my brother pinched me"? Transcription 00:03:36.075 00:03:45.225 Mm... Transcription 00:03:45.225 00:03:52.325 My brother, I don't have, like, the specific word for my brother. Transcription 00:03:52.325 00:03:55.725 ha... -And it can be older or younger, either is fine. Transcription 00:03:55.725 00:03:58.088 hariʔ Transcription 00:03:58.088 00:04:07.013 hariʔ, H-A-R-I-K, hariʔ ŋitəl akuy. Transcription 00:04:07.013 00:04:12.713 And it's... does that mean older brother or younger brother or can it be either, or can it be any sibling？ Transcription 00:04:12.713 00:04:17.625 Uh, any sibling. hariʔ -any sibling. Transcription 00:04:17.625 00:04:19.625 And age doesn't matter? Transcription 00:04:19.625 00:04:29.375 Yeah. Transcription 00:04:29.375 00:04:32.275 hariʔ ŋitəl akuy Transcription 00:04:32.275 00:04:33.875 Yeah. -ŋitəl. Transcription 00:04:33.875 00:04:37.875 Can you say *hariʔ ŋitəl akuy? Transcription 00:04:37.875 00:04:46.975 *hariʔ ŋitəl akuy, hariʔ ŋitəl akuy, no. -No, okay. Transcription 00:04:46.975 00:04:50.975 And then, how would I say "my finger got pinched"? Transcription 00:04:50.975 00:05:09.975 Like I was walking by a door and I maybe accidently got stuck, and I was like, Aw! Oh, my finger got pinched! -Oh. Transcription 00:05:09.975 00:05:14.425 I don't know like, the specific word for it. Transcription 00:05:14.425 00:05:18.675 Okay, and that's okay. Transcription 00:05:18.675 00:05:20.875 What about just "I got pinched"? Transcription 00:05:20.875 00:05:24.888 Like, aw! Transcription 00:05:24.888 00:05:32.200 Mm... Transcription 00:05:32.200 00:05:35.838 I think there's no specific word for that. -Okay. Transcription 00:05:35.838 00:05:49.775 Yeah, that's fine. Transcription 00:05:49.775 00:05:53.225 Okay. Transcription 00:05:53.225 00:06:00.450 How about "I got scratched", so like, you know, when you get scratched by something? Transcription 00:06:00.450 00:06:16.950 Scratch... Transcription 00:06:16.950 00:06:26.963 I don't think there's a specific word for that, you know, scratch. -Okay. Transcription 00:06:26.963 00:06:35.638 Okay. Transcription 00:06:35.638 00:06:42.588 How about... How about "my brothers are fighting"? Transcription 00:06:42.588 00:06:49.225 Um... Transcription 00:06:49.225 00:07:00.075 dahaʔ, D-A-H-A-K, dahaʔ hariʔ pəteʔ Transcription 00:07:00.075 00:07:07.425 -dahaʔ... -[bəteʔ]? -pəteʔ. -pəteʔ, pəteʔ, pəteʔ. Transcription 00:07:07.425 00:07:18.375 And can that be like, physically fighting, like they are hitting each other, or can it be verbally fighting, like they're arguing? Does it have to be one or the other? Transcription 00:07:18.375 00:07:27.275 I think it's physically. -That's physically? Okay, perfect. Transcription 00:07:27.275 00:07:30.650 What would the word be for like "arguing" instead? Transcription 00:07:30.650 00:07:35.675 Um...panoʔ, P-A-N-O-K. Transcription 00:07:35.675 00:07:43.325 panoʔ? -Yes. -Okay. Transcription 00:07:43.325 00:07:51.025 How would I say "I fight with my brothers", physically fight? Transcription 00:07:51.025 00:07:56.425 akuy pəteʔ... pəteʔ dahin hariʔ Transcription 00:07:56.425 00:07:59.038 akuy pəteʔ [dahaʔ] hariʔ Transcription 00:07:59.038 00:08:09.988 dahin hariʔ. -dahin hariʔ. Transcription 00:08:09.988 00:08:15.988 And what if I wanted to specify that that was happening right now, so I'm fighting with my brothers right now. Transcription 00:08:15.988 00:08:19.288 Right now? It's kərey anih. -kərey anih? Transcription 00:08:19.288 00:08:25.450 Yeah, akuy pəteʔ dahin hariʔ kərey anih. Transcription 00:08:25.450 00:08:27.900 Can you say the whole sentence for me once more? Transcription 00:08:27.900 00:08:43.025 akuy pəteʔ dahin hariʔ kərey anih. Transcription 00:08:43.025 00:08:49.600 Okay, then how about my brothers are fighting each other? Transcription 00:08:49.600 00:09:02.350 dahin hariʔ, dahin hariʔ pəteʔ pədəŋ dahawaʔ Transcription 00:09:02.350 00:09:10.750 If there are like, two people fighting, we use dahawaʔ, if there are a lot, dahaloʔ Transcription 00:09:10.750 00:09:23.250 dahawaʔ for two people. -Yeah, a lot, dahaloʔ. -Okay, Transcription 00:09:23.250 00:09:45.150 Okay, so if you only have two brothers, then you would say dahawaʔ, but if you had like, three or four brothers, then you would say dahaloʔ. -Yeah. Transcription 00:09:45.150 00:10:05.625 Okay, so how about "my brothers hit each other"? Is that different? Is that a different word? Transcription 00:10:05.625 00:10:16.625 The word, hit, is like nukol, but we don't use it for that situation. -Okay. Transcription 00:10:16.625 00:10:21.325 So can you give me a sentence where you would use nukol? Transcription 00:10:21.325 00:10:31.975 We would use it for... nukol... Transcription 00:10:31.975 00:10:42.025 It's... We use it for inanimate things, I mean like, nukol... Transcription 00:10:42.025 00:10:50.838 Toenail, I mean like, toe, yeah. -Okay, so, okay, yeah. Transcription 00:10:50.838 00:10:56.725 So you could say something like akuy nukol a nail? Transcription 00:10:56.725 00:11:01.725 Yeah. -Okay, how would I say that? Transcription 00:11:01.725 00:11:08.975 akuy nukol a nail, what is nail. -Now you gonna think the word for "nail". Transcription 00:11:08.975 00:11:13.850 paku, ah, paku. -ah, paku, mm-hmm. -P-A-K-U. Transcription 00:11:13.850 00:11:17.600 Okay, akuy nukol paku. Transcription 00:11:17.600 00:11:22.800 But if you hit like a person, so like, I hit my brother, you couldn't use nukol. Transcription 00:11:22.800 00:11:33.800 Yeah. -Okay. Transcription 00:11:33.800 00:11:48.400 So if I hit my brother, how would I say that? Transcription 00:11:48.400 00:11:57.188 I think it's like, the word is from pəteʔ, so we just like, shorten it. -Okay. Transcription 00:11:57.188 00:12:14.675 I'm gonna say lah, akuy, ak teʔ, ak teʔ hariʔ həp dep, it means like, I hit my brother. -Okay, yeah, so that's *akuy teʔ hariʔ həp dep. -ak teʔ, there's no akuy, it's just like, ak teʔ. Transcription 00:12:14.675 00:12:22.325 hariʔ həp dep, it means I hit my brother. Transcription 00:12:22.325 00:12:24.713 Can you say that one more time for me? Transcription 00:12:24.713 00:12:33.688 ak teʔ hariʔ həp dep Transcription 00:12:33.688 00:12:53.000 Okay. Transcription 00:12:53.000 00:13:05.650 So then could you use that word [ak teʔ] when talking about your brothers hitting each other, so something like dahin ak teʔ Transcription 00:13:05.650 00:13:13.150 Mm... Transcription 00:13:13.150 00:13:15.250 I think no, like... -No. Transcription 00:13:15.250 00:13:31.500 teʔ is like... We use it if someone hit someone, and it's gonna be used. If there are two people and then they are fighting, hitting each other, so we just call it pəteʔ. -pəteʔ. Okay. Transcription 00:13:31.500 00:13:37.300 Yeah, yeah, that makes sense, -If it's someone, there is teʔ. Transcription 00:13:37.300 00:14:04.788 Okay, okay, okay, so if I wanted to say "my brothers hit each other, I would use pəteʔ, like the sentence you gave me earlier. Transcription 00:14:04.788 00:14:11.563 What about "I hit my brother with a coconut", like, I threw it at him. Transcription 00:14:11.563 00:14:22.413 If you threw it, we call it so. -so. -Yeah, so. The sentence is ak so... Transcription 00:14:22.413 00:14:34.838 Coconut, it's, uh, ɲoh. ak so ɲoh haʔ hariʔ. -ɲoh. Transcription 00:14:34.838 00:14:47.525 -ak so? -so, S-O. -so. -ɲoh haʔ hariʔ. Transcription 00:14:47.525 00:14:50.250 ak so ɲoh haʔ hariʔ Transcription 00:14:50.250 00:14:55.475 Yeah. hariʔ, H-A-R-I-K. -hariʔ. Transcription 00:14:55.475 00:15:12.950 Um, and is that more like, so that's I actually threw, so means like, throw? Transcription 00:15:12.950 00:15:18.400 So that would be more like I threw a coconut at my brother? -Yeah. Transcription 00:15:18.400 00:15:25.550 So then what if I'm just holding a coconut in my hand, and I like, playfully hit him with it? Transcription 00:15:25.550 00:15:33.338 Mm... Transcription 00:15:33.338 00:15:39.588 If you just hold it, we call it higəm. -higəm. -Yeah. Transcription 00:15:39.588 00:15:42.638 akuy higəm ɲoh Transcription 00:15:42.638 00:15:49.288 But I don't know like, the word you said just now, "playfully"... Transcription 00:15:49.288 00:16:00.425 Oh, that's okay, you don't have to include that. I was just giving you like, the situation. Like, you are not trying to hurt him, you're just, you know, playfully hitting at him. Transcription 00:16:00.425 00:16:10.338 Just hold a coconut, we call it higəm, H, H-I-G-E-M. -higəm ɲoh Transcription 00:16:10.338 00:16:23.213 Okay, so that's like, holding the coconut. -Mm. -And if I use that to kind of, hit him, can I say something like *akuy higəm ɲoh haʔ hariʔ? Transcription 00:16:23.213 00:16:45.563 No. -No. Transcription 00:16:45.563 00:16:47.050 Okay. Transcription 00:16:47.050 00:16:54.500 What if I wanted to say "my brother was hit", like, we don't know who did it, but he was hit by someone. Transcription 00:16:54.500 00:17:01.350 mə...teʔ Transcription 00:17:01.350 00:17:07.725 hariʔ gaʔ məteʔ Transcription 00:17:07.725 00:17:10.775 məteʔ Transcription 00:17:10.775 00:17:13.213 hariʔ gaʔ məteʔ Transcription 00:17:13.213 00:17:21.563 Yeah, hariʔ gaʔ məteʔ. Transcription 00:17:21.563 00:17:26.363 And what if I wanted to say "my brother was hit by me"? Transcription 00:17:26.363 00:17:31.250 hariʔ gaʔ məteʔ kəlaʔ. -kəlaʔ. Transcription 00:17:31.250 00:17:37.225 Mm, K-E-L-A-K. Transcription 00:17:37.225 00:17:42.825 kəlaʔ Transcription 00:17:42.825 00:17:45.363 That's my brother was hit by me? Transcription 00:17:45.363 00:17:47.475 Yeah. Transcription 00:17:47.475 00:17:52.725 kəlaʔ Transcription 00:17:52.725 00:17:58.925 Okay. Transcription 00:17:58.925 00:18:09.400 Okay, so how would I say "she put the rice on the table"? Transcription 00:18:09.400 00:18:27.800 ihaʔ məloʔ baha haʔ, haʔ mija Transcription 00:18:27.800 00:18:31.025 ihaʔ məloʔ baha haʔ mija Transcription 00:18:31.025 00:18:34.288 ihaʔ məloʔ baha haʔ [hanija] Transcription 00:18:34.288 00:18:44.138 mija, M-I-J-A. -Oh, mija. Transcription 00:18:44.138 00:18:47.538 ihaʔ məloʔ baha haʔ [hamija] Transcription 00:18:47.538 00:18:58.538 ihaʔ məloʔ baha haʔ mija. -Oh, I have it twice, that means nothing. There we go, okay. Transcription 00:18:58.538 00:19:04.888 haʔ mija, okay. Transcription 00:19:04.888 00:19:18.375 So then how would I say "the rice is put on the table"? Transcription 00:19:18.375 00:19:24.275 baha...the rice is... baha anən... Transcription 00:19:24.275 00:19:38.288 baha... baha anən dahaʔ loʔ haʔ mija Transcription 00:19:38.288 00:19:46.575 baha anən dahaʔ loʔ haʔ mija. -Yeah. Transcription 00:19:46.575 00:19:55.275 And what if I wanted to specify that some female person, some othe person did it, so the rice is put on the table by her? Transcription 00:19:55.275 00:20:04.125 Oh, baha anən an naʔ loʔ haʔ mija Transcription 00:20:04.125 00:20:08.525 baha anən [anaʔ] loʔ haʔ mija Transcription 00:20:08.525 00:20:16.638 an, A-N, N-A... A-N, N-A-K, an naʔ. -an naʔ. Transcription 00:20:16.638 00:20:23.988 Yeah. -Okay, an naʔ loʔ haʔ... Okay. Transcription 00:20:23.988 00:20:28.288 And how would I just say "the rice is on the table"? Transcription 00:20:28.288 00:20:48.188 baha anən haʔ... haʔ ujoŋ mija, haʔ ujoŋ mija, ujoŋ mija. -ujoŋ mija. -Mm, on the table. Transcription 00:20:48.188 00:20:55.550 baha anən haʔ ujoŋ mija Transcription 00:20:55.550 00:20:57.625 Is that like on top? Transcription 00:20:57.625 00:20:59.475 Yeah. Transcription 00:20:59.475 00:21:04.313 It's mostly on... the word is like, the word ujoŋ means like... Transcription 00:21:04.313 00:21:06.363 ujoŋ mija... Transcription 00:21:06.363 00:21:09.575 I don't know how to, like, differ this two words. Transcription 00:21:09.575 00:21:15.475 They are just, ujoŋ hem haʔ, haʔ usun... It's supposed to be like, usun mija. Transcription 00:21:15.475 00:21:26.675 You can use usun mija, that's... I think the right word, because the word ujoŋ means like, at the... I mean like... Transcription 00:21:26.675 00:21:36.075 If this... if the... they' re there right? haʔ ujoŋ means like at the... How would I say that? Transcription 00:21:36.075 00:21:41.825 -At the side of the table? -Oh, okay, so it's almost like in the corner of the table. -Yeah. -Okay. Transcription 00:21:41.825 00:21:52.725 Oh, okay, so ujoŋ means it is on the table but it's specifically stating that it's like, in the corner of the table. -Yeah. Transcription 00:21:52.725 00:21:55.800 So the other word you would use is usun? Transcription 00:21:55.800 00:21:58.275 Yeah, haʔ usun mija. Transcription 00:21:58.275 00:22:06.288 And that means just like, generally on the top of the table? -Yeah. -Okay. Transcription 00:22:06.288 00:22:12.688 So you could use either of them? -Yeah. -But you prefer ujoŋ. Transcription 00:22:12.688 00:22:18.850 -Yeah. -No, I like it. -Yeah. -Okay. Transcription 00:22:18.850 00:22:29.300 I think the right is usun. -usun, so I guess there would be like, a very specific situation where you have to use usun if it was like, right in the middle of the table. Transcription 00:22:29.300 00:22:52.500 Yeah. Because we... we put... uh, what, the rice at the corner, so it's ujoŋ mija. -Oh, okay, so if it was another dish, you might have it like, in the middle of the table, usun, but because it is the rice, it's ujoŋ. Transcription 00:22:52.500 00:23:04.300 Yeah. -Okay, okay. -usun mija. Transcription 00:23:04.300 00:23:09.800 Okay, that's very interesting. Transcription 00:23:09.800 00:23:25.200 Okay, so how about if you are helping someone, like, almost get dressed, and you put a necklace around their neck, how would you say "I put a necklace on her"? Transcription 00:23:25.200 00:23:28.450 mətey. -mətey. Transcription 00:23:28.450 00:23:32.463 akuy mətey. Transcription 00:23:32.463 00:23:38.113 M-E-T-E-I, mətey. -mətey. Transcription 00:23:38.113 00:23:47.325 -Because it's... təbaʔəŋ, təbaʔəŋ Transcription 00:23:47.325 00:23:53.125 akuy mətey təbaʔəŋ haʔ ihaʔ Transcription 00:23:53.125 00:24:00.625 akuy mətey təba... -təbaʔəŋ. -təbaʔəŋ haʔ ihaʔ Transcription 00:24:00.625 00:24:11.925 on her neck, on her neck, akuy mətey təbaʔəŋ haʔ kəran naʔ. -kəran naʔʔ Transcription 00:24:11.925 00:24:16.900 akuy mətey təbaʔəŋ haʔ kəran naʔ Transcription 00:24:16.900 00:24:24.025 kəran naʔ Transcription 00:24:24.025 00:24:30.125 [kəbəran]. -haʔ kəran, haʔ, H-A. Transcription 00:24:30.125 00:24:35.388 kəran, K-E-R-A-N, naʔ Transcription 00:24:35.388 00:24:36.288 Okay. Transcription 00:24:36.288 00:24:41.038 And what does that mean, like on, that's the "her" part? Transcription 00:24:41.038 00:24:44.288 Oh haʔ kəran, kəran means neck. Transcription 00:24:44.288 00:24:47.588 Her neck? -Yeah. -Mm, mm-hmm. Transcription 00:24:47.588 00:25:01.338 I... So the sentence is like, akuy mətey təbaʔən haʔ kəran naʔ, it means like, I put the necklace on her neck. -On her neck, okay. Transcription 00:25:01.338 00:25:09.125 Okay, and so the first sentence you gave, akuy mətey təbaʔəŋ haʔ ihaʔ, is that also okay but just not as specific? Transcription 00:25:09.125 00:25:13.825 Yeah, it's okay but not like, so specific. -Okay, okay. Transcription 00:25:13.825 00:25:17.200 Cause that would be just her and not necessarily on her neck? Transcription 00:25:17.200 00:25:27.638 Yeah. Okay. Transcription 00:25:27.638 00:25:34.350 Okay, so then how would I say "the necklace was put on her"? Transcription 00:25:34.350 00:25:38.400 On her...mm... Transcription 00:25:38.400 00:25:42.500 təbaʔəŋ anən... Transcription 00:25:42.500 00:25:48.200 dahaʔ mətey haʔ ihaʔ Transcription 00:25:48.200 00:26:03.400 təbaʔəŋ anən dahaʔ mətey haʔ ihaʔ -Yeah. Transcription 00:26:03.400 00:26:20.500 Okay. Transcription 00:26:20.500 00:26:30.600 Okay, so you use this word mətey? Can you ever use the word məloʔ here when you are talking about the necklace? Transcription 00:26:30.600 00:26:33.688 Yes, məloʔ means put. Transcription 00:26:33.688 00:26:40.250 Okay, so it would be okay to say *akuy məloʔ təbaʔəŋ haʔ kəran naʔ? Transcription 00:26:40.250 00:26:44.800 No. Transcription 00:26:44.800 00:26:49.588 The word məloʔ, you know... Transcription 00:26:49.588 00:26:52.988 You are like, no, definately not. Transcription 00:26:52.988 00:27:05.363 -mətey, mətey is you put it on. -Okay, okay. -Something, like you put it, like the thing you put it... Transcription 00:27:05.363 00:27:12.913 -So you could məloʔ a necklace like, on the table. -Yeah. -Okay, but you couldn't put it on a person. Transcription 00:27:12.913 00:27:22.563 Yeah. -Okay, you are like, oh, no, don't say that. Okay. Transcription 00:27:22.563 00:27:24.763 Okay. Transcription 00:27:24.763 00:27:33.775 Okay so how would I "the boy stole some rice", to steal? Transcription 00:27:33.775 00:27:45.525 nakol, ihaʔ nakol baha anən Transcription 00:27:45.525 00:27:50.225 ihaʔ nakol baha anən Transcription 00:27:50.225 00:28:02.225 ihaʔ nakol baha anən Transcription 00:28:02.225 00:28:10.925 And what about... If I just wanted to say "rice was stolen from the store", but we don't know who did it. Transcription 00:28:10.925 00:28:16.825 baha anən an dahaʔ nakol Transcription 00:28:16.825 00:28:26.025 baha anən... -an dahaʔ nakol Transcription 00:28:26.025 00:28:28.525 baha anən an dahaʔ nakol Transcription 00:28:28.525 00:28:39.413 Yeah. Transcription 00:28:39.413 00:28:44.213 And what if I wanted to say "rice was stolen by him"? Transcription 00:28:44.213 00:28:53.213 baha anən an naʔ nakol Transcription 00:28:53.213 00:28:56.000 baha anən an naʔ nakol Transcription 00:28:56.000 00:29:03.875 Yeah. Transcription 00:29:03.875 00:29:14.075 Okay, and maybe along the same lines, rice was stolen from that store, somebody thinks that you did it, so you want to say "I was accused of stealing rice", how would I say that? Transcription 00:29:14.075 00:29:22.238 Mm... Transcription 00:29:22.238 00:29:34.213 dahaʔ kumaʔ akuy nakol baha Transcription 00:29:34.213 00:29:37.075 dahaʔ kumaʔ akuy nakol baha Transcription 00:29:37.075 00:29:39.488 Yeah. Transcription 00:29:39.488 00:29:42.100 I was accused of stealing rice. Transcription 00:29:42.100 00:29:45.650 Mm. -Okay. Transcription 00:29:45.650 00:29:52.463 And what if I wanted to say "she accused me or he accused me of stealing rice"? Transcription 00:29:52.463 00:29:58.913 ihaʔ, ihaʔ kumaʔ akuy nakol baha Transcription 00:29:58.913 00:30:05.150 ihaʔ? -ihaʔ kumaʔ akuy nakol baha Transcription 00:30:05.150 00:30:08.575 So kumaʔ is to accuse. Transcription 00:30:08.575 00:30:11.725 Mm, yeah. Transcription 00:30:11.725 00:30:15.613 Okay. Transcription 00:30:15.613 00:30:17.063 Okay. Transcription 00:30:17.063 00:30:28.950 Then how about the... You and I were both accused but we're trying to blame each other so "we accused each other of stealing"? Transcription 00:30:28.950 00:30:35.500 I think there is no word for this. -This would never happen! Transcription 00:30:35.500 00:30:44.050 So let's see, we could say... Mm, yeah, you could use [pədun] here, like, kumaʔ [pədun]? Transcription 00:30:44.050 00:30:46.150 pədun? Transcription 00:30:46.150 00:30:52.950 Yeah, so earlier you gave me like "hug each other"? Transcription 00:30:52.950 00:31:01.550 Oh, pədəŋ. -Oh, pədəŋ. That would help if I pronounce it correctly, so could I say *kumaʔ pədəŋ? Transcription 00:31:01.550 00:31:11.150 No. -No, not possible. Transcription 00:31:11.150 00:31:21.150 Okay. Transcription 00:31:21.150 00:31:22.138 Okay. Transcription 00:31:22.138 00:31:29.688 How about "my shirt is torn", like it has like a rip in it or something? Transcription 00:31:29.688 00:31:32.888 Mm... Transcription 00:31:32.888 00:31:36.488 basoŋ kuy biraʔ Transcription 00:31:36.488 00:31:37.738 [miraʔ] Transcription 00:31:37.738 00:31:49.538 biraʔ, B-I-R-A-K. -biraʔ Transcription 00:31:49.538 00:31:59.350 And is there any difference if I wanna say like "it was torn", like I'm describing an action, not the shirt itself, I'm like, "oh, shoot, you know, my shirt was just torn". Transcription 00:31:59.350 00:32:05.188 Mm... Transcription 00:32:05.188 00:32:08.638 basoŋ kuy biraʔ Transcription 00:32:08.638 00:32:16.038 I think there's no word for... basoŋ kuy biraʔ, we just call it basoŋ kuy biraʔ. -Same? Yeah, okay. Transcription 00:32:16.038 00:32:20.538 So you could say just basoŋ kuy biraʔ. Transcription 00:32:20.538 00:32:25.938 Okay, how about "I torn my shirt on a nail"? Transcription 00:32:25.938 00:32:28.125 kəlan... Transcription 00:32:28.125 00:32:35.200 Yeah, so you're like walking pass something and your shirt catches like a nail on a wall and rips. -Oh... Transcription 00:32:35.200 00:32:42.200 Mm... Transcription 00:32:42.200 00:32:45.188 basoŋ kuy biraʔ Transcription 00:32:45.188 00:32:53.325 I think it's the same word, the same sentence like, basoŋ kuy biraʔ kəlan paku, by a nail Transcription 00:32:53.325 00:32:56.238 kuy biraʔ... Transcription 00:32:56.238 00:33:02.075 kəlan. -kəlan. -paku. -paku. Transcription 00:33:02.075 00:33:07.675 And kəlan there, does that mean like with or and? Transcription 00:33:07.675 00:33:14.525 Mm, kəlan means... Transcription 00:33:14.525 00:33:33.225 It means because of. -Because of, okay. Transcription 00:33:33.225 00:33:48.388 Okay. Transcription 00:33:48.388 00:33:56.025 What if I wanna say "I tear up a piece of paper, so like ripping up a piece of paper"? Transcription 00:33:56.025 00:34:03.325 akuy miraʔ, M-I-R-A-K. Transcription 00:34:03.325 00:34:06.138 akuy miraʔ Transcription 00:34:06.138 00:34:11.738 Paper... I don't know the specific word for paper. Transcription 00:34:11.738 00:34:18.225 We call it kərtas, but it's a Malay word. -kərtas Transcription 00:34:18.225 00:34:20.838 Oh yeah, mm-hmm. Transcription 00:34:20.838 00:34:28.775 So we just say akuy miraʔ kərtas... -kərtas. Transcription 00:34:28.775 00:34:35.950 akuy miraʔ kərtas... -anən. -anən, kərtas anən Transcription 00:34:35.950 00:34:42.963 Okay. Transcription 00:34:42.963 00:34:49.763 And then if that paper was ripped up, could I say kərtas anən miraʔ? Transcription 00:34:49.763 00:35:08.363 Yeah, kərtas anən miraʔ. -Okay. Transcription 00:35:08.363 00:35:13.663 Okay, so how would I'm holding a basket? Transcription 00:35:13.663 00:35:20.663 Holding a basket... Transcription 00:35:20.663 00:35:26.263 akuy higəm bakol anən Transcription 00:35:26.263 00:35:28.363 What was the word for "basket"? Transcription 00:35:28.363 00:35:30.613 Bakol. -bakol. Transcription 00:35:30.613 00:35:34.838 I don't know what like, the specific word for it. Transcription 00:35:34.838 00:35:36.888 What does bakol mean? Transcription 00:35:36.888 00:35:45.613 Basket. -Oh, yeah, that's fine then. You're like, basket. -Yeah, basket. Transcription 00:35:45.613 00:35:50.763 So akuy higəm bakol anən. -Mm. -Okay. Transcription 00:35:50.763 00:35:58.863 What if I wanted to say I'm holding the basket while like my sister put stuff it, so "I'm holding the basket for my sister". Transcription 00:35:58.863 00:36:01.875 Mm... Transcription 00:36:01.875 00:36:07.625 akuy higəm bakol mən hariʔ Transcription 00:36:07.625 00:36:12.525 akuy higəm bakol... -mən. -mən. Transcription 00:36:12.525 00:36:18.125 M-E-N, hariʔ Transcription 00:36:18.125 00:36:23.300 hariʔ? -Mm, hariʔ, H-A-R Transcription 00:36:23.300 00:36:40.363 hariʔ Okay, okay. Transcription 00:36:40.363 00:36:46.313 Okay. Transcription 00:36:46.313 00:36:52.513 Okay, how would I say "my mother cooks rice for me"? Transcription 00:36:52.513 00:36:58.213 Rice... Transcription 00:36:58.213 00:37:04.613 For rice, I think there's a specific word like... Transcription 00:37:04.613 00:37:07.175 nanək, nanək kanən Transcription 00:37:07.175 00:37:16.638 hinak nanək kanən Transcription 00:37:16.638 00:37:21.938 mən akuy Transcription 00:37:21.938 00:37:25.625 So nanək is like to cook rice. Transcription 00:37:25.625 00:37:34.775 Yeah, it's used for... It's just used for rice, nanək kanən Transcription 00:37:34.775 00:37:40.075 So if I was saying like, to cook meat, I would use a different word. Transcription 00:37:40.075 00:37:47.475 Yeah. -What would the word be for like, to cook something else? Transcription 00:37:47.475 00:37:57.575 I think it's just naʔ, N-A-K, naʔ means do. Transcription 00:37:57.575 00:38:03.375 Okay. -So like, hinak naʔ taŋoh mən akuy Transcription 00:38:03.375 00:38:12.575 hinak naʔ taŋoh mən akuy Transcription 00:38:12.575 00:38:23.100 And is that meat? Transcription 00:38:23.100 00:38:36.350 Oh, okay, so that can be almost like food, like just generally? -Yeah, yeah. -Okay. Transcription 00:38:36.350 00:38:47.250 So that's almost more like, my mother cooks food for me, is that correct? Transcription 00:38:47.250 00:39:00.550 Would it be possible to say, going back to the rice, so we're cooking rice again, *hinak nanək akuy, without kanən at all? Transcription 00:39:00.550 00:39:12.050 Mm. -Yeah. -It means, *hinak nanək akuy means your mom cooks you, I mean like... -Okay. Transcription 00:39:12.050 00:39:20.000 So, maybe you don't wanna say it. nanək kanən means like, cook rice. Transcription 00:39:20.000 00:39:23.900 Mm, mm-hmm. Transcription 00:39:23.900 00:39:32.200 So how about *hinak nanək akuy kanən, can I say that? Transcription 00:39:32.200 00:39:39.775 *hinak nanək akuy kanən, no. Does that still mean like, you're cooking me? -Yeah. -Okay. Transcription 00:39:39.775 00:40:05.125 That... That's good to know. Transcription 00:40:05.125 00:40:12.125 What about *hinak nanək kuy kanən, still bad? Transcription 00:40:12.125 00:40:25.625 No. -Still bad, okay. -*hinak nanək kuy kanən. -Okay. Transcription 00:40:25.625 00:40:32.425 How about "rice is cooked for me"? Transcription 00:40:32.425 00:40:44.025 kanən anən an hinak naʔ mən akuy Transcription 00:40:44.025 00:40:47.613 kanən anən an hinak... Transcription 00:40:47.613 00:40:59.925 ...hinak naʔ mən akuy Transcription 00:40:59.925 00:41:04.388 Okay, say the whole sentence just once more for me. Transcription 00:41:04.388 00:41:11.938 kanən anən an hinak naʔ mən akuy Transcription 00:41:11.938 00:41:16.088 And that's rice is cooked for me by my mother, right? Transcription 00:41:16.088 00:41:19.763 Yeah. Transcription 00:41:19.763 00:41:25.613 What if I wanted to say "rice is cooked for me", but I'm not specifying who by? Transcription 00:41:25.613 00:41:34.813 Mm, kanən anən an dahaʔ naʔ mən akuy Transcription 00:41:34.813 00:41:56.313 kanən anən... -an dahaʔ naʔ mən akuy. -Okay. Transcription 00:41:56.313 00:41:57.875 Okay. Transcription 00:41:57.875 00:42:11.738 How would I say "I borrowed a book from him"? Transcription 00:42:11.738 00:42:19.100 I don't know the specific word for "borrow". -For "borrrow"? -We just...mm...pijam Transcription 00:42:19.100 00:42:22.988 pijam. -Yeah. Transcription 00:42:22.988 00:42:31.038 P-I... But I think that word is from a Malay word, pinjam. -pinjam. -Yeah. Transcription 00:42:31.038 00:42:35.038 Okay. Transcription 00:42:35.038 00:42:37.388 And that means "to borrow"? Transcription 00:42:37.388 00:42:44.000 Yeah. -meminjam, so if you want to use that word even it's from Malay, that's okay. Transcription 00:42:44.000 00:42:50.050 How would I say "I borrowed a book from him", using meminjam. Transcription 00:42:50.050 00:42:59.400 Mm, akuy... akuy pijam buk... akuy pijam buk teʔ ihaʔ Transcription 00:42:59.400 00:43:09.600 akuy pijam buk teʔ ihaʔ Transcription 00:43:09.600 00:43:22.000 teʔ, akuy pijam buk teʔ ihaʔ Transcription 00:43:22.000 00:43:27.800 Could I ever say *akuy pijam teʔ ihaʔ buk Transcription 00:43:27.800 00:43:30.600 *akuy pijam teʔ ihaʔ buk Transcription 00:43:30.600 00:43:37.825 No, I think like, it can be used, like, I understand the sentence. Transcription 00:43:37.825 00:43:45.713 But it doesn't sound natural. Yeah, I can tell from your face, you're like, mm. Transcription 00:43:45.713 00:43:49.425 You're like, ewu! Don't like that. Okay. Transcription 00:43:49.425 00:43:58.375 Could I ever say—this is probably gonna be bad—*akuy pijam haʔ buk Transcription 00:43:58.375 00:44:07.575 *akuy pijam haʔ buk, no. Is that kinda like, I borrowed him from the book, which doesn't make any sense. Transcription 00:44:07.575 00:44:10.275 *akuy pijam haʔ buk, yeah. Transcription 00:44:10.275 00:44:14.675 *akuy pijam haʔ buk, no. -No, okay. Transcription 00:44:14.675 00:44:16.275 Okay. Transcription 00:44:16.275 00:44:20.175 How would I say "the book was borrowed"? Transcription 00:44:20.175 00:44:26.675 buk anən an dahaʔ pijam Transcription 00:44:26.675 00:44:30.775 buk anən an dahaʔ pijam. -Mm. Transcription 00:44:30.775 00:44:35.275 And how about "the book was borrowed from him"? Transcription 00:44:35.275 00:44:44.275 The book was borrowed from him. -Yeah, from him. -buk anən an naʔ pijam Transcription 00:44:44.275 00:44:50.650 Can you say that once more for me? -buk anən an naʔ pijam Transcription 00:44:50.650 00:45:02.213 -buk anən an naʔ pijam Transcription 00:45:02.213 00:45:08.763 Okay, so now that you borrowed that book, let's say we wanna return it, so how would I say I returned the book to him? Transcription 00:45:08.763 00:45:12.063 Mm... Transcription 00:45:12.063 00:45:24.263 akuy maʔih uli buk naʔ Transcription 00:45:24.263 00:45:41.463 maʔih, the word maʔih, I don't remember how the word is spelled, because last week we ended up Transcription 00:45:41.463 00:45:46.763 Yeah, yeah, that's okay, I'll check with him on it then. Transcription 00:45:46.763 00:45:51.663 maʔih, maʔih. -Yeah. -So it was akuy maʔih uli? Transcription 00:45:51.663 00:45:53.763 uli, U-L-I. Transcription 00:45:53.763 00:45:55.863 Yeah, yeah, buk naʔ Transcription 00:45:55.863 00:46:00.263 buk naʔ Transcription 00:46:00.263 00:46:03.550 And what does uli mean? Transcription 00:46:03.550 00:46:05.438 back. -back? Transcription 00:46:05.438 00:46:14.388 Umm, okay. -back, maʔih uli Transcription 00:46:14.388 00:46:18.088 So it's just kind of a like, meaning to give back? Transcription 00:46:18.088 00:46:19.688 Yeah. Transcription 00:46:19.688 00:46:24.488 maʔih means give. -To give, mm-hmm, yeah. Transcription 00:46:24.488 00:46:26.288 Okay. Transcription 00:46:26.288 00:46:34.688 Let's see... Could I ever say *akuy maʔih uli naʔ buk? Transcription 00:46:34.688 00:46:41.988 No. -No, bad. Transcription 00:46:41.988 00:46:50.188 How about akuy maʔih uli ihaʔ buk? Transcription 00:46:50.188 00:46:52.488 akuy maʔih uli ihaʔ buk? Transcription 00:46:52.488 00:46:55.225 Can, akuy maʔih uli... -That's okay. Transcription 00:46:55.225 00:46:56.488 Yeah. -Okay. Transcription 00:46:56.488 00:46:59.725 And that means the same thing, I returned to him? Transcription 00:46:59.725 00:47:07.625 Yeah, akuy maʔih uli ihaʔ buk. Transcription 00:47:07.625 00:47:14.525 Okay, and how would I say "the book was already returned"? Transcription 00:47:14.525 00:47:24.325 The book was...akuy au maʔih, akuy au maʔih buk naʔ Transcription 00:47:24.325 00:47:27.213 akuy au maʔih buk naʔ Transcription 00:47:27.213 00:47:31.425 akuy au maʔih buk naʔ Transcription 00:47:31.425 00:47:35.475 You don't have to have uli there? -uli. Transcription 00:47:35.475 00:48:07.475 Because the sentence akuy au maʔih buk naʔ, it means like, I've already gave the book to him. But if you want to use uli, also can, it means I already gave back the book to him. Transcription 00:48:07.475 00:48:13.075 And what if I wanna to say "the book was already returned" but I don't want to specify to whom? Transcription 00:48:13.075 00:48:23.125 akuy au maʔih buk anən uli Transcription 00:48:23.125 00:48:30.338 If I don't want to specify it, I just say like, akuy au maʔih buk anən uli Transcription 00:48:30.338 00:48:38.838 Say that once more for me? akuy au maʔih? -buk anən uli. -anən uli. Transcription 00:48:38.838 00:48:42.238 Mm, okay. Transcription 00:48:42.238 00:49:04.363 And that's just like, the book was already returned, but we don't know who to? -Yeah. Transcription 00:49:04.363 00:49:11.750 Okay. Transcription 00:49:11.750 00:49:23.750 Okay so maʔih is give, so you gave me akuy maʔih uli buk naʔ for "I gave it back", so if I say akuy maʔih buk naʔ, could that just "I gave him the book"? Transcription 00:49:23.750 00:49:31.350 akuy, akuy... What's the sentence you said? -akuy maʔih buk naʔ. Transcription 00:49:31.350 00:49:43.050 akuy maʔih buk naʔ, uh, I gave, the sentence means I gave... akuy maʔih buk naʔ, I gave her the book. Transcription 00:49:43.050 00:49:49.250 buk naʔ means like, that's her book, so I like, gave her the book. Transcription 00:49:49.250 00:49:57.350 Okay, so that means I gave...um... Transcription 00:49:57.350 00:50:02.050 I gave her book, okay, or his book. Transcription 00:50:02.050 00:50:28.838 But that's okay to say that. -Yeah, okay to say that. Transcription 00:50:28.838 00:50:37.138 Um... And could I say akuy maʔih ihaʔ buk? Transcription 00:50:37.138 00:50:40.338 akuy maʔih ihaʔ buk, yeah. Transcription 00:50:40.338 00:50:45.488 And what does that mean? -You gave him a book. Transcription 00:50:45.488 00:50:50.788 Okay. Transcription 00:50:50.788 00:50:54.988 What if I wanted to say "he was given a book"? Transcription 00:50:54.988 00:51:00.688 He was given a book, is it like, have a specific... Transcription 00:51:00.688 00:51:13.788 So you know, I'm talking about someone I know that he was given a book, I know someone gave a book, but I don't know anything about the book, and I don't know who gave it to him, but he's standing there holding a book, so I'm like, oh he was given a book. Transcription 00:51:13.788 00:51:22.088 Oh, umm, dahaʔ maʔih ihaʔ buk. Transcription 00:51:22.088 00:51:25.463 dahaʔ maʔih, maʔih ihaʔ buk. Transcription 00:51:25.463 00:51:45.175 buk Transcription 00:51:45.175 00:51:50.675 Is it possible to say #dahaʔ maʔih buk naʔ? Transcription 00:51:50.675 00:51:56.075 Mm... #dahaʔ maʔih buk naʔ Transcription 00:51:56.075 00:52:01.175 #dahaʔ maʔih buk naʔ, umm... Transcription 00:52:01.175 00:52:05.975 #dahaʔ maʔih buk naʔ... Transcription 00:52:05.975 00:52:14.275 Umm, the sentence, like, it's used for... #dahaʔ maʔih buk naʔ. Transcription 00:52:14.275 00:52:22.075 It can be used like, for specific things... #dahaʔ maʔih buk naʔ, it means like... Transcription 00:52:22.075 00:52:25.675 That is his book... Transcription 00:52:25.675 00:52:33.175 ...and then someone gave it to him, and then we just say, #dahaʔ maʔih buk naʔ Transcription 00:52:33.175 00:52:49.075 Okay, okay, so it's...maybe... So dahaʔ maʔih ihaʔ buk, you can use all the time, but this one maybe have a specific context which you can use it. Transcription 00:52:49.075 00:52:57.013 Do you...can you tell me more about that context that would make that appropriate to say the sentence? Transcription 00:52:57.013 00:53:15.063 Mm... The sentence dahaʔ maʔih ihaʔ buk means like, the book, we don't know who owns the book. If you said #dahaʔ maʔih buk naʔ, it's like, the book is... The book is her book. I mean like... Transcription 00:53:15.063 00:53:30.713 Okay. -Maybe someone borrowed it, and then we say like #dahaʔ maʔih buk naʔ, it means that it's her book, and they give it back. -So this one specifies that the book belongs to a person. Transcription 00:53:30.713 00:53:40.000 Yeah, buk naʔ. -Okay. Transcription 00:53:40.000 00:53:43.250 Okay. Transcription 00:53:43.250 00:53:55.238 Interesting, okay. Transcription 00:53:55.238 00:54:00.538 What about *dahaʔ maʔih buk ihaʔ? Transcription 00:54:00.538 00:54:04.638 *dahaʔ maʔih buk ihaʔ Transcription 00:54:04.638 00:54:08.238 No, *dahaʔ maʔih buk ihaʔ Transcription 00:54:08.238 00:54:12.338 That's just completely wrong. -Yeah. Transcription 00:54:12.338 00:54:16.000 You are like, eww... Transcription 00:54:16.000 00:54:26.813 Okay. Transcription 00:54:26.813 00:54:33.312 Alright, I think we're done today, so I'm gonna stop the recording.