Simulated Space Weathering Of Planetary Surfaces

Abstract

Remote sensing data and laboratory simulation experiments have demonstrated the dramatic effects space weathering of planetary bodies can have to alter the chemical makeup of planetary surfaces. The dominant weathering processes are affected by the presence of an atmosphere, which effectively shields ionizing radiation in the form of solar wind and micrometeorite impacts. Here, novel laboratory experiments simulating the effects of space weathering agents on the surface of Mars and the Moon are presented. The results aim to assist in the ongoing investigations of three important discoveries made over the last few decades: First, the apparent lack of exogenic organic molecules on Mars, second, the generation of H2 molecules in the lunar exosphere, and third, the presence of surficial hydroxyl (–OH) groups bound in lunar minerals and exposed water ice deposits at the lunar poles. The systematic approach of these experiments provides important mechanistic details towards the formation of radiogenic molecules on these planetary bodies. In addition, they can be extended to similar environments throughout the Solar System.