On Communication-Assisted Line Protection for Multi-Inverter Microgrids

Abstract

Protection is critical in maintaining grid stability and reliability. Microgrids, which are small-scale power systems that can operate autonomously or while connected to the main grid, pose unique challenges for protection schemes. Traditional protection methods, such as time-delayed overcurrent relays, reclosers, and fuse-based protection may not be sufficient to detect faults in microgrids. This paper discusses the differences in protection requirements between autonomous and grid-connected microgrids, a comparison of overcurrent and differential protection schemes, and the advancements in microgrid communication, cybersecurity, standards, and test beds. A benchmark 4-bus microgrid system is implemented in distribution voltage ratings, with simulation results demonstrating the effectiveness of synchrophasor-based relays in detecting faults. Showing the feasibility of differential protection over overcurrent protection. Paper is concluding with future work needed to enhance the novel protection concepts.