Concentrated Rural Housing Design Based On Integrating Tourism And Residential Living In Shanghai, China
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2021
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University of Hawaii at Manoa
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Currently, China suffers from uneven development between its rural and urban areas. Many young people left the countryside due to a lack of job opportunities and poverty. As rural revitalization was put forward as a national strategy in 2018 in China, people began to focus on achieving industrial upgrading of the countryside. After years of practical exploration, rural tourism has been proved to be an effective means to improve villagers' lives and promote the development of the rural industry. However, rural tourism is facing poor development because country lands are collectively owned, and law restricted the land use.In the meantime, one of the essential policies for the Chinese government to implement the rural revitalization is to promote construction concentrated rural housing in the whole country, which is a development mode similar to transfer development rights (TDR) in the United States. There is the possibility for rural concentrated housing to be transformed into hospitality facilities. To build these new houses fit for the life of farmers and development of tourism will bring huge benefits, and architects should involve in an early stage. Taking water village in Shanghai as the research object, this research aims to identify the design method of integrating tourism and concentrated housing in the countryside near the cities and explore the possibilities to create a new type of rural housing where farmers and tourists can cohabit together. Firstly, this paper studies the successful cases of different tourism villages in China and summarizes their planning and design strategies. Secondly, to further narrow the scope, the paper analyzes the rural revitalization demonstration villages in the Jiangnan area, which have similar geographical conditions and background with the research object. Those villages have built rural concentrated housing and successfully integrated them with tourism to varying degrees. Finally, the author will design the scheme according to the actual situation of the water village based on the strategies of the previous study. The research approach includes five aspects: literature review, interview, empirical research, case study, and conceptual design. The research will be an innovation in mixed land use and improving farmers' production and living conditions, optimizing the industrial pattern and activating the value of rural resources. Especially under the premise that there are still hundreds of villages that need to be renovated urgently and rural concentrated housing needs to be built, it is of great significance to discuss this new possibility and practical methods to provide reference models for future rural construction.
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Architecture
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China
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