Hydrogen Sulfide Emissions of Geothermal Development in Hawaii

Abstract

Geothermal energy is a renewable source of energy that has been developed worldwide and on the Island of Hawai’i. Future geothermal developments are proposed for the State of Hawai’i, but first environmental impacts of such development must be fully evaluated. Hydrogen sulfide gas is the main emission of concern to the environment and human health, and has had a history of being a severe health concern during previous geothermal developments. Data from the State of Hawaii Department of Health air quality monitors adjacent to Puna Geothermal Ventures plant were acquired and analyzed. The observed concentrations of hydrogen sulfide are below the EPA and Department of Health limits, but the effectiveness of the monitoring system currently in place has been questioned and reviewed. For future developments, a more comprehensive and effective system must be developed to monitor and, if necessary, reduce hydrogen sulfide emissions.